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Sreda, 27. november 2024-Strasbourg

14. Spodbujanje ugodnega okvira za financiranje s sredstvi tveganega kapitala in varne neposredne tuje naložbe v EU (razprava)
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Die Präsidentin. – Als nächster Punkt der Tagesordnung folgt die Aussprache über die Erklärung der Kommission zur Förderung eines günstigen Umfelds für die Risikokapitalfinanzierung und sichere ausländische Direktinvestitionen in der EU [].

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Mairead McGuinness, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, it's nice to see a little bit of celebration in the Chamber before I speak, so let's just give them a moment – well done! I'm afraid I'm not going to match the passion of the last debate.

Commissioner Dalli may say 'we're all Mediterranean' and they may be Mediterranean, but the Irish are quite passionate, I can say!

I suppose there's an air maybe, among the outgoing Commissioners – and I don't know whether it's freedom, relief or just joy – that we're happy to be in the Chamber this evening. I know it's for my last debate, on this really important topic which matters to everybody, citizens, small businesses and large companies. It fits very well – this debate – with the morning's activities in Ϸվ and the voting in of the new Commission, so very timely, and I compliment colleagues who tabled this topic.

It's at the very heart of strengthening the European Union's competitiveness. Our start-ups and scale-ups in many sectors, from deep tech, clean tech or biotech, they're key drivers of innovation and growth and job creation in the European Union. And we know that these companies crucially need capital, including private capital, often originating beyond their home country, to allow them grow and expand.

So this issue of financing is core to securing a more competitive European Union. I can say that together we have already set the groundwork in place on creating better financing opportunities for businesses of all sizes, from SMEs to large companies, and I know that many who are taking part in this debate support the SME sector and focus on it. The incoming Commission, as we know, will deepen work in this area, and that was outlined by President von der Leyen in what will be a major collective effort to strengthen the EU's resilience and competitiveness in the years ahead.

The truth is that our companies face real difficulties in accessing the financing they need for growth. We face a significant funding gap for our innovative companies, particularly late-stage scale-ups, and as a result, EU scale-ups often seek capital and, in particular, equity capital from other countries, and are more likely to relocate. We all know companies in our own Member States that have taken the decision to leave the European Union and seek listings overseas. Now, this represents a missed opportunity for growth, for innovation and employment in the European Union, and it is an unwelcome trend, representing also a loss of EU competitiveness.

Now, we have made progress to improve the situation for smaller companies and their investors. We have made it easier for these companies to access EU stock markets through simplified listing rules under the EU Listing Act. We have streamlined the rules for long-term investments into alternative assets, including innovative companies and projects with the reform of our rules on European long-term investment funds. We are making information on listed companies and SMEs more easily available to investors through the European Single Access Point, and we continue to mobilise private capital through the InvestEU Programme.

Boosting the EU's venture and other risk capital is one of the main objectives of the Savings and Investment Union, announced by President von der Leyen in her political guidelines, building on the progress made on Capital Markets Union in my time as Commissioner, working with this Ϸվ and the Council. The entire financing chain must be strengthened from early-stage companies to more mature ones, which necessitates a solid venture capital ecosystem and well-functioning and integrated capital markets.

The Commission's services are identifying the main challenges for venture capital financing, and the most frequently cited challenge is attracting capital from institutional investors. European institutional investors, insurers or pension funds do not invest in growth capital as much as their counterparts in the US, and there are several reasons for this, including a lack of well-capitalised pension funds or sovereign wealth funds in the European Union. There is also risk aversion, or a lack of familiarity with this more heterogeneous asset class, and certain requirements at national level. This could be partly addressed by mobilising private capital with the support of public programmes. The InvestEU Programme as well as initiatives like the European Tech Champions Initiative are important steps in this direction, but we need to do more to attract private sector investments to key EU policy areas.

The second challenge is insufficient scale of EU venture and growth capital funds. There are very few growth capital funds in the EU able to finance large financing operations, let me just be very clear. This again reinforces the dependence on non-EU capital for scale-ups, where around half of financing for large deals comes from outside the European Union. This was highlighted in the Commission communication on the EU Biotech Initiative. In line with the communication, we have just launched a study to explore the barriers to consolidation and scaling up investment funds, including venture capital and private equity funds, and this work will support the incoming college in formulating further policy directions.

Last but not least, this form of financing is hindered by the fragmentation of rules across the European Union from the perspective of companies and investors. Our investors face different national legal systems in some areas of corporate law, including different incorporation requirements for companies as well as securities law and taxation, and this lack of harmonisation results in significant additional costs and legal uncertainty. This really deters EU investors from engaging in what I prefer to say are 'investments in the single market' – but we often say 'cross-border'. And that's one problem: the mindset is still 'cross-border', in a single market. This is not how it should be, so I would appeal in this coming and fresh and new Ϸվ to drop the words 'cross-border'. We need to talk 'single market', because these obstacles are also deterring foreign investors from investing in the European Union.

Now, a word about foreign investors. We have to ensure that the European Union becomes a more attractive investment destination, and that is both for EU and foreign investors. And we have to do that while safeguarding our economic security. There is an external dimension to our investment policy. Europe is and will remain open to foreign direct investment, and it is interesting that despite a global decline in FDI inflows, the EU-27 experienced an increase in net FDI inflows last year. Attracting and promoting foreign direct investments is vital for the Union's economic development.

Now, at the same time, this openness of the EU to foreign direct investments is not unconditional. The European Economic Security Strategy emphasises the need to balance economic openness with the protection of our economic security and open strategic autonomy, given the growing geopolitical risks. This includes taking a more assertive stance on security and public order risks arising from foreign direct investments that may negatively affect Europe. The FDI Screening Regulation provides a framework for the EU and the Member States to assess and, if necessary, address and mitigate these risks, and the Commission's legislative proposal, which will amend the FDI Screening Regulation, will strengthen that. I now look forward to hearing your contributions.

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Marion Walsmann, im Namen der PPE-Fraktion. – Frau Präsidentin, sehr geehrte Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Europa steht vor der Herausforderung, ein attraktiver Standort für Wagniskapital und sichere ausländische Direktinvestitionen zu bleiben. Das ist nicht nur eine Frage der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit, sondern auch der Zukunftsfähigkeit unseres Kontinents. Die Zahlen sprechen eine ernüchternde Sprache. Während die USA und China massiv in Start-ups und disruptive Technologien investieren, bewegt sich Europa kleinschrittig fort und riskiert, Innovationspotenzial zu verlieren. Europa hält aktuell nur 5% der aufgelegten globalen Risikokapitalfonds und nur 6% der weltweiten Finanzmittel für KI‑Neugründungen.

Die Gründe liegen auf der Hand. Wir haben es mit einer unzureichenden Förderung von Innovationen zu tun, die oft schon auf halbem Weg zur Kommerzialisierung ins Stocken geraten. Der Binnenmarkt bleibt durch Fragmentierung und bürokratische Hürden geschwächt. Dies schreckt natürlich Investoren ab, insbesondere in strategisch wichtigen Zukunftsbranchen. Dabei verändern wagniskapitalfinanzierte Unternehmen ganze Wirtschaftszweige und haben nicht zuletzt auch ausländische Direktinvestitionen in vielen Branchen angekurbelt. Bahnbrechende Ideen brauchen daher vor Ort das entsprechende finanzielle Backing. Wir brauchen in Europa dringend ein starkes, für KMU zugänglicheres und bürokratieärmeres Finanzierungsumfeld.

Es ist entscheidend, dass wir eine stärkere politische Koordinierung bei strategischen Investitionen anstreben. Dazu gehört auch, die Innovationsförderung stärker zu harmonisieren und Finanzmittel gezielt auf Schlüsselbereiche zu konzentrieren. Nur mit mutigen Reformen und einer besseren Koordinierung können wir sicherstellen, dass Start-ups und Scale-ups nicht nur hier entstehen, sondern auch in Europa wachsen. Hier braucht es klares Handeln und Engagement. Dazu fordere ich auch im Namen von SME Europe auf.

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Bruno Gonçalves, em nome do Grupo S&D. – Senhor Presidente, Caros Colegas, antes da crise financeira, o PIB da zona euro era comparável ao dos Estados Unidos. Hoje, é apenas cerca de 60 %. Perante esta anemia económica, a resposta não pode nem deve ser mais do mesmo.

Precisamos de um Fundo Europeu para a Competitividade que promova a nossa indústria e o emprego qualificado. Mas também devemos mobilizar investimento privado, criando melhores condições para o nosso ecossistema de startups inovadoras, ao tornar a Europa num destino apetecível para o capital de risco.

Queremos investimento em setores produtivos com potencial inovador, sim. Mas este exercício de captação de investimento estrangeiro não pode ser feito à pressa, sem critério. Não devemos alimentar a especulação, como acontece tantas vezes no caso da habitação. Nem podemos depauperar a nossa autonomia estratégica vendendo ativos públicos em setores estratégicos a países terceiros.

Ao respeitar estes princípios, evitando os erros do passado, temos todas as condições para construir um mercado europeu de capitais mais dinâmico, que seja justo e seguro.

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Stéphanie Yon-Courtin, au nom du groupe Renew. – Madame la Présidente, Madame la Commissaire, pour gagner en compétitivité, il faut laisser nos entreprises européennes innover. Mais si l'argent public est rare et que les banques ne financent pas le risque, vers qui peuvent se tourner nos entreprises? Les marchés financiers, oui, mais lesquels?

Aujourd'hui, l'Europe n'est pas à la hauteur. Nos pépites n'ont pas d'autre choix que de se financer outre-Atlantique: les États-Unis investissent en moyenne six fois plus dans les start-up qu'en Europe. Pour garantir notre autonomie stratégique, notre continent doit reprendre la main sur les secteurs-clés comme la tech et la défense. Il est donc temps de passer à la vitesse supérieure.

Cela veut dire d'abord des investissements publics plus ciblés et plus conséquents. Donnons plus de moyens au Fonds européen d'investissement pour faire plus et mieux. Il a financé plus de 350000PME en2023 et mettra à disposition un fonds pour financer les champions européens de la tech.

Il faut également stimuler les investissements privés en créant un marché européen des capitaux. Levons les obstacles pour les PME avec des règles plus simples et moins lourdes, faisons de l'Europe un terrain d'innovation. Ce n'est qu'en débloquant notre potentiel que nous créerons des superstars de l'innovation européenne.

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Damian Boeselager, on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group. – Madam President, first of all, I want to thank you, Commissioner, for your five years of service: we will spend another five years in this Chamber, but you are free to go.

I think the problem awareness is there. We all know that we don't have enough VC capital, and this has been said, I'm very happy that Draghi put it in a new report so we can all see it very clearly again.

But then, I wonder, why don't we do anything? The reason that currently nothing is happening – and that Nvidia, Microsoft, Alphabet, all these companies are basically being established in the US – is because of our national egos. We had this conversation recently, the Capital Markets Union is in everyone's ears, but nobody is actually committing because they all want their nations to prevail. That is weakness and that is the perspective of cross-border rather than interior market.

So I think we really need to do a couple of things now: we need to unlock the Capital Markets Union. We need to ensure that we really work with the 28th regime, wherever we can, to establish an 'EU Inc', at least to make it easier to invest and scale. We need to make it easier to leverage mezzanine funds and EIB and EIF investments, and we need to make it easier for institutional investors to invest in VCs.

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Fernando Navarrete Rojas (PPE). – Señora presidenta, señora comisaria, señorías, que Europa se haya quedado rezagada en la revolución tecnológica de los últimos quince años tiene, efectivamente, más que ver con el infradesarrollo del ecosistema del capital riesgo que con debates económicos que, a veces, concitan más atención.

Y esto es así porque el capital riesgo es, en primer lugar, la forma natural de financiar proyectos innovadores que aspiran a suponer una disrupción en los mercados o a competir globalmente. Y, en segundo lugar, porque es un ecosistema que impulsa la difusión tecnológica y del conocimiento, generando así nuevas historias de éxito.

Desafortunadamente, como ya se ha dicho, nuestro mercado tiene un tamaño de solo un 80% del estadounidense. Muchas buenas ideas empiezan en Europa y acaban dando el salto a Estados Unidos para triunfar en el mundo. Además, alrededor del 40% de los fondos de capital riesgo que se invierten en la Unión provienen del exterior. Esto es un reconocimiento global al potencial de nuestros emprendedores, pero también la demostración de que no tenemos ni el ecosistema ni el apetito de riesgo necesario para propulsar nuestras buenas ideas.

Europa es excedentaria en capital financiero, pero muy deficitaria en apetito de riesgo y de disrupción. Nuestros mercados financieros deben, por tanto, permanecer abiertos al mundo. Esto no implica ignorar los riesgos geopolíticos ni las diferencias de comportamiento que importantes inversores pseudoestatales desarrollan en sus países de origen. Pero la solución no pasa por cerrar nuestros mercados, sino por el fortalecimiento del marco institucional a nivel nacional y europeo, garantizando que quienes inviertan aquí cumplan nuestras normas.

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Nikos Papandreou (S&D). – Madam President, with my turn, I would like to thank the Commissioner for her good work. I've only been here a year, but it's been great to hear you.

I'd like to comment on what my colleague from Berlin just said – I think you were from Volt, I forget which party you are in now – the capital markets union will be difficult unless we break the backs – that sounds a little bit radical – of the banks in the countries. No country wants to give that one up, because for many reasons. I won't go into the details. So how do we do that in the next five years? It's not clear.

Second of all, the lack of venture capital, among the many bad things that it causes, is that the talent that we produce with our free education – more or less subsidised – goes abroad, comes back as a foreign company and runs the show here. That's the third thing. And Draghi – this is why it's very topical in the new five years – supports – and I think that's also the S&D position – more public investment to de-risk and to allow for venture capital. It's not an easy thing. We have a few years to do it. I hope we succeed because that really is the way we will enter Web3 and the 21st century.

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Francesco Torselli (ECR). – Signora Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, gli investimenti diretti dall'estero possono rappresentare un'opportunità di crescita e di innovazione per chi li riceve. Ma quando si affronta questo argomento, però, sono necessari almeno un paio di distinguo.

Il primo: la strategicità del settore di investimento: dobbiamo evitare il rischio di controlli in ambiti nevralgici per la vita di ogni singola nazione. Il secondo: l'Unione europea ad oggi non ha un sistema omogeneo di controllo degli FDI e questo ci rende ancora troppo permeabili.

Gli FDI possono rappresentare però uno strumento per la tutela occupazionale. Nell'ottobre scorso il Primo ministro italiano, Giorgia Meloni, ha incontrato il governo cinese invitandolo ad investire nel nostro Paese, così da trasformare un'aggressione al mercato interno in un'opportunità di lavoro.

In definitiva, un'Europa competitiva non si sottrae al capitale straniero, ma difende gli ambiti fondamentali, ponendo al primo posto tra le priorità la tutela della sicurezza e degli asset strategici nazionali.

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Niels Flemming Hansen (PPE). – Fru formand! Ifølge Det Internationale Energiagentur er 35 % af de teknologier, vi skal bruge for at nå Net Zero i 2050, endnu ikke på markedet. Det viser behovet for at øge investeringerne i grøn innovation. Venturekapital er centralt i det økosystem, der finansierer innovative virksomheder. Det kræver villighed til at tage høj risiko for at opnå et højt afkast. Men Europa halter bagefter USA, fordi institutionelle investeringer i EU engagerer sig langt mindre i venturekapital. Det må ændres, hvis vi skal sikre EU's konkurrenceevne og grønne førerposition. Jeg har tre klare anbefalinger: Gør det lettere for institutionelle investeringer at deltage i venturekapitalmarkedet og styrke Den Europæiske Investeringsfond rolle, målret støtte til cleantechfonde og sørg for at sikre strenge bæredygtighedskriterier og udvid direkte investeringer i europæiske cleantech-startups. Den Europæiske Investeringsbank, EIB, bør støtte udvalgte virksomheder direkte. Vi skal også huske, at for hver enkelt euro, vi skal spendere, skal vi tiltrække mellem to og fem private euro for at lykkes med den grønne omstilling. Derfor bør det være en prioritet for den nye Kommission at fremskynde arbejdet med at rydde op i junglen af lovgivning, der hæmmer grænseoverskridende investeringer. Fremtiden venter ikke. Vi skal handle nu for klimaet, for industrien og for Europas grønne lederskab.

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Matthias Ecke (S&D). – Frau Präsidentin, Frau Kommissarin, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Mit einem Umsatz von 2Milliarden Euro ist der Zahlungsdienstleister Klarna genau die Art von Unicorn, die wir eigentlich hier in der EU brauchen. Aber Klarna zeigt uns eigentlich unsere Schwächen ziemlich gnadenlos auf. 2020 verkauft das Unternehmen einen Minderheitenanteil an den chinesischen Tech-Giganten Alibaba. Jetzt geht Klarna an die Börse, aber nicht in Stockholm, Paris oder Frankfurt, sondern in den USA.

Europa hat ein Problem: Während andere Weltregionen mit gezielten Investitionen Innovationen fördern, bleiben wir oft zurück, und zwar nicht wegen mangelnder Ideen – die gibt es hier genug –, sondern wegen der fehlenden Finanzierung. Wir sind stark, wenn es um Forschung geht, aber zu schwach, wenn es darum geht, die Ergebnisse der Forschung zur Marktreife zu bringen. Uns fehlt halt oft das Risikokapital.

Wir brauchen ein Ökosystem, das Wissenschaft, Wirtschaft und Kapital besser vernetzt. Ausländische Direktinvestitionen können da eine Rolle spielen, aber wir dürfen auch nicht naiv sein. Wo jetzt das Kapital aus dem Ausland noch willkommen ist, schafft es morgen vielleicht neue Abhängigkeiten. Deswegen braucht Europa selber mehr Wagniskapital durch einen starken Binnenmarkt, durch die Kapitalmarktunion und auch durch gezielte staatliche Instrumente, damit die Einhörner der Zukunft am Ende des Regenbogens vielleicht auch mal die EU finden.

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Gheorghe Piperea (ECR). – Doamnă președintă, China este un cal troian construit pe dumping, pe subvenții care nu țin cont de regulile pieței libere și pe produse ieftine. Un acord UE-China s-ar putea transforma dintr-un succes al pieței europene într-o manipulare agresivă a pieței unice a UE. Pentru multe companii europene, a concura cu prețurile și volumele de mărfuri ale chinezilor nu înseamnă doar pierderi financiare, ci chiar faliment. Acordul privind investițiile dintre UE și China, semnat în decembrie 2020, trebuie să își întărească politica de de-risking.

Unele state sunt permeabile în continuare pentru investițiile chineze, pentru că au toleranță din partea UE. Altele, însă, nu. Este un dublu standard și o încălcare a pieței unice. În altă ordine de idei, investițiile străine în Europa, inclusiv cele chinezești, nu ar trebui să scape principiului impozitării plusvalorii acolo unde se produce. Companiilor Big Pharma, Tech sau Finance ar trebui să li se interzică exportul de plusvaloare în paradisuri fiscale.

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Isabel Benjumea Benjumea (PPE). – Señora presidenta, señora comisaria, le deseo todo lo mejor en la nueva etapa que comienza.

Les voy a leer unos datos de un informe que compara el mercado de capital de riesgo en los Estados Unidos y en Europa. Y, verdaderamente, es demoledor.

Por un lado, nos dice que la Unión Europea representa menos del 50% del tamaño del mercado de capital de riesgo americano.

Luego nos dice que las rondas de capital en los Estados Unidos son más grandes en todas las etapas, en las iniciales y en las de crecimiento.

También nos pone de manifiesto que las inversiones en Europa se destinan principalmente a gastos del Pacto Verde Europeo, mientras que en los Estados Unidos se están destinando a inversiones en inteligencia artificial, en salud o en defensa.

Nos pone de manifiesto que no creamos start-ups altamente valoradas por los mercados y que las que creamos simplemente se van. Y el número de «unicornios» en los Estados Unidos es tres veces superior al de «unicornios» en Europa.

Y, finalmente, pone de manifiesto el grave daño de la fragmentación regulatoria en Europa, que lo que impide es un mercado ágil de mercados de capital de riesgo.

La gran pregunta es si queremos una Europa de emprendedores, de empresas que generen trabajo, que generen riqueza, o queremos una Europa de inversión pública o de funcionarios. Simplemente tenemos que reaccionar y reaccionar ya.

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Francisco Assis (S&D). – Senhora Presidente, Senhora Comissária, nesta Casa, neste Parlamento, poderemos divergir e divergiremos certamente nas soluções, mas não discordamos em relação ao diagnóstico traçado no Relatório Draghi. Uma Europa com sinais de decadência económica, com níveis baixíssimos de investimento, com perda de relevância no quadro internacional e com desafios complexos de ordem demográfica e geopolítica.

Nesta nova economia global de rápida transformação e inovação, o capital de risco é essencial para apoiar a criação e desenvolvimento de novos negócios, função não integralmente assegurada pelo setor bancário, como sabemos.

Apesar dos avanços dos últimos anos, a Europa continua com uma expressão diminuta no mercado mundial. É preciso fomentar uma maior cultura de risco na sociedade europeia e estimular a oferta de capital de risco. Neste campo, o Banco Europeu de Investimento poderá desempenhar um papel importante.

Contudo, devemos afirmar também aqui, com clareza, o seguinte: o modelo europeu de desenvolvimento passa pela articulação virtuosa da modernização e crescimento económico com um Estado social que protege e também liberta.

Esse é o nosso modelo, no qual, creio eu, a grande maioria da população se continua a rever. Não há prosperidade económica sem bem-estar social.

(O orador aceita responder a uma pergunta «cartão azul»)

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João Oliveira (The Left), Pergunta segundo o procedimento «cartão azul». – Senhor Deputado Francisco Assis, o Relatório Draghi diz e cito: «Precisamos de uma política externa económica genuína da UE. A UE deve coordenar acordos comerciais preferenciais e investimento direto». Fim de citação. Nesse relatório é proposta também a criação de um mecanismo de decisão de aprovação de investimento direto externo comum, ou seja, um mecanismo que permita à União Europeia decidir do investimento direto externo que é feito em cada país da União Europeia, naturalmente feito por empresas, por investidores exteriores ao espaço da União Europeia.

Isto, só por si, já significa um fator de preocupação, particularmente para países como Portugal, mas é um fator de preocupação ainda acrescido, porque isto, junto à política de facilitação de fusões e aquisições, naturalmente remete o nosso país para um papel de muita dificuldade em lidar com o investimento direto externo, se ele for condicionado pela União Europeia. Gostava de saber qual é que é a opinião do Partido Socialista relativamente a esta matéria.

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Francisco Assis (S&D), Resposta segundo o procedimento «cartão azul». – Muito obrigado, Senhor Deputado João Oliveira, pela pergunta que me coloca. Como eu comecei por dizer, nós estamos de acordo com o diagnóstico constante do Relatório Draghi. As soluções são matérias que agora devem ser objeto de discussão. E essa é uma delas, é uma matéria que deve ser discutida.

Creio que temos de encontrar uma solução que articule as prioridades europeias com as prioridades nacionais. Não me passa pela cabeça, naturalmente, que os Estados nacionais fiquem numa posição secundária em relação às políticas que devem seguir em matéria de adoção, de incremento do investimento externo. Temos que articular as duas dimensões e penso que é isso que tem vindo a suceder, é esse o caminho que devemos prosseguir. Não tenho nenhum receio nesse domínio.Creio que a melhor política será a política em que se consiga articular opções nacionais com opções europeias. E é esse o caminho que desde há muitos anos, como sabe, nós temos seguido, nomeadamente o Partido Socialista em Portugal.

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Jörgen Warborn (PPE). – Fru talman! Tack kommissionären. Jag inser att det är sista gången jag kan adressera dig som kommissionär. Tack för ditt fina arbete under den här tiden.

Det har nämnts tidigare att Europa har ett konkurrenskraftsproblem, och visst är det så. Det är naturligtvis sorgligt att det är så, men det är också bra att det är så många som slår fast att vi delar samma åsikt och att vi måste göra någonting för att ta tag i Europas konkurrenskraft.

För att lösa utmaningen med Europas tillväxt är det flera olika saker vi måste göra. En av de viktigaste sakerna är att säkerställa att vi förbättrar tillgången till kapital. När jag träffar småföretagare säger nästan alla att det är ett av deras största problem. Därför måste vi skapa ett europeiskt ISK, ett investeringssparkonto, som skapar incitament för européer att investera i aktiemarknaden. Det skulle vara bra för dem, för det skulle öka deras ekonomiska möjligheter, men det skulle framför allt också vara bra för småföretagen, så att de kan fortsätta expandera, anställa fler och skapa välstånd till hela Europa.

Spontane Wortmeldungen

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Sebastian Tynkkynen (ECR). – Arvoisa puhemies, Yhdysvalloissa maan suosituimman sosiaalisen median sovelluksen omistaa Kiina. Maan suurimman porsaanlihan tuottajan ja jalostajan omistaa Kiina. 900 miljardia dollaria maan julkisesta velasta omistaa Kiina.

Kiina-uhkaan on Yhdysvalloissa herätty toden teolla. Esimerkiksi viime viikolla Texasin osavaltion kuvernööri määräsi kaikki osavaltion virastot myymään Kiinassa olevat sijoituksensa ja kielsi virastoja olemaan sijoittamasta enää maahan. Huhtikuussa Yhdysvaltojen edustajainhuoneessa hyväksyttiin kiinalaisomisteisen TikTokin kielto.

Tätä samaa tiukkuutta tarvitaan nyt Eurooppaan. Me emme voi antaa Kiinan dumpata halpatuotantoaan tänne ja sysätä omia yrityksiämme vaikeuksiin. Me emme voi antaa itsemme joutua Kiina-investoijien taloudelliseksi orjiksi. Kiina on vaarallinen valtio. Se pitää näkyä siinä, miten Eurooppa toimii. Diplomatiaa on nyt korvattava tiukkuudella.

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Lukas Sieper (NI). – MadamPresident, dear Commissioner, being a new Member to the Ϸվ, I was not able to see your work in action, but I was told a lot of good things and having a great sense of love for your culture, I must say, you have the most Irish name that I've ever heard in my life.

Our newly elected President of the Commission said we need an economy that works for the people and I fully agree. Our strong economy and our unique single market is our biggest advantage in that more and more hostile world of ours.

I really hope that we will especially work together on the capital markets union, not only as a tool to foster both venture capital and foreign investment in the EU, but also strengthen a united Europe as a whole. Because our economy was the one thing that brought us together in the beginning and I think it can also bring us together in the future.

(Ende der spontanen Wortmeldungen)

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President. – Now I would like to pass the floor to the Commissioner for the last time in this House as Commissioner. I would like to thank you very, very much, Madam Commissioner, for the work you have done throughout the years.

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Mairead McGuinness, Member of the Commission. – MadamPresident, thank you. I loved being in that chair and I love this Ϸվ and the fun and debates and the rows we've had, and I've been here 20 years, so I have some memory of that.

I just need to clarify something to my colleague at the very back of the Chamber. In Ireland we have a phrase, 'the poor relation'. I am McGuinness, not Guinness, so I qualify as the poor relation, but a happy one, that said.

Look, it's been a really frank debate and I'm glad that I'm here for it. I think everybody in this House really is passionate about solutions. You've all agreed on the problem and I think that's important. The word used was we agree on the diagnosis. We're losing influence. We're losing opportunities. We're losing companies. We're failing workers. We're were failing SMEs. It doesn't have to be that way.

And if I could say, MEPBoeselager, you very clearly said – and I think it's a word we need to repeat –national egos are an issue. I mean, we had a bit of an exchange at the start of this debate, my Maltese colleague and I, I said, 'I'm Irish', but our nationality should not blind us to the reality that if we have fragmented capital markets, if we have national boundaries, we have less.

I really hope that you who are passionate about this topic can persuade the leaders of Member States, their finance ministers, that achieving a savings and investment union or capital markets union and banking union is about added value. I have said to the finance ministers on many occasions, please don't look at this as you're winning and I'm losing. This is not what it's about.

I would hope that our citizens and businesses would push us all a little bit harder because they are losing out as citizens. Their money is not earning what it should be. They're not investing for their future, for their pensions. The SME sector, large companies, they're not getting the capital they need in Europe and, therefore, Europe is losing out.

But on a day when the incoming Commission has been voted through, I salute you who put this debate on the agenda. I think it has to be constantly addressed and you have rather got to put pressure on the Member States to look at the big picture here and really, I said at the beginning, think and talk about the single market, not about cross‑border, because cross‑border is a killer.

My last word is again one of thanks and appreciation. Somebody asked me, what am I most proud of? And because I come from Ireland and a large family, we don't do pride because it comes before a fall. But I am proud that I survived and that I made good friends and we got some good work done. Thank you all for that and I wish you well for the future.

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President. – Thank you very much, Commissioner McGuinness. I wish you all the best.

Zadnja posodobitev: 30. april 2025Pravno obvestilo-Varstvo osebnih podatkov