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Сряда, 12 март 2025 г.-Страсбург

17.1. Демокрация и права на човека в Тайланд, и по-специално законът за обида на монарха и депортирането на уйгурски бежанци
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ʰšŧŧ. – Nākamais darba kārtības punkts ir debates par sešiem rezolūciju priekšlikumiem par demokrātiju un cilvēktiesībām Taizemē, jo īpaši likumu par valsts zaimošanu un uiguru bēgļu deportēšanu ().

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Daniel Attard, author. – MrPresident, Thailand is a country I have visited, a place of rich culture and resilience. We see Thailand as a valued partner of the European Union and today I am not here to preach, but to strengthen that partnership – one which is rooted in democracy, human rights and mutual respect. Yet, real partnerships require honesty, and we must be honest about our deep concern over the prosecution of Thai parliamentarians, opposition figures and human rights defenders under the lese-majesty law.

Peaceful democratic discourse should never be a crime. Their voices should be heard, not silenced. Democracy thrives when dissent is debated, not punished. For this reason, we strongly urge the Thai authorities to grant an amnesty to those who are prosecuted or imprisoned for the peaceful exercise of their rights.

We are also concerned about the deportation of Uyghur asylum seekers and the reports of mistreatment they face. By strengthening its refugee protection, Thailand has an opportunity to lead by example.

Our resolution today is not about condemnation. It's about engagement. Thailand has made progress and we recognise that. But meaningful reforms, particularly to the lese-majesty law, must continue to ensure fundamental freedoms are upheld. We urge the Thai Government to take concrete steps forward towards greater democracy, political inclusivity and human rights protections.

The free trade agreement negotiation is a process that can bring prosperity anchored in shared values. A thriving, open democracy strengthens Thailand's global position and reassures its partners that economic and political progress can go hand in hand.

To our Thai friends, we stand ready to work with you, not against you. This is not just about an EU resolution. It is about the future of Thai democracy and the fundamental rights of its people. Let us use this moment not as a division, but as an opportunity – one to engage, to reform and to move forward together.

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Engin Eroglu, Verfasser. – Herr Präsident, sehr geehrter Herr Kommissar! Über was reden wir heute? Es sind 40Menschen aus Thailand nach China abgeschoben. Und das eigentlich Tragische ist, dass wir heute darüber diskutieren, denn über die Abschiebung wissen wir schon mehrere Wochen Bescheid. Und wir hatten mit einer Gruppe von Abgeordneten schon in der letzten Plenarwoche zu Straßburg gefordert, dass wir diese Aussprache haben, bevor die Menschen von Thailand nach China abgeschoben werden. 40Menschen, die– und das ist das eigentlich Tragische daran– auch noch von anderen Staaten, nicht-europäischen Staaten, aufgenommen werden sollten. Wir haben glaubhafte Berichte gesehen, dass andere Länder gesagt haben: Wir nehmen diese 40Menschen auf, schiebt sie nicht zurück nach China.

Und wir verschieben diese Debatte, weil eine Delegation des Europäischen Parlaments, Herr Vizepräsident– die ja das Präsidium, in dem Sie sitzen, genehmigt hat–, nach Thailand fährt. Also, wenn das nicht eine Tragödie ist und wenn wir uns dafür nicht schämen müssen, dann weiß ich auch nicht, was wir richtig und falsch machen. Und deswegen, bitte, wenn das wiederkommt: Das darf nicht wieder passieren.

Und das andere ist: Das sind 40Menschen, die gehören einer Minderheit an, den Uiguren, und glauben Sie mir, die kommen dort nicht im Guten an, sondern die werden dort wahrscheinlich genauso wie die anderen Uiguren sehr schlimme Repressalien erleben müssen, und das darf nicht sein.

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Erik Marquardt, Verfasser. – Herr Präsident, Herr Kommissar! Ich möchte auch zuallererst klar machen: Wir wollen eine gute Partnerschaft mit Thailand, aber zu einer guten Partnerschaft gehört eben auch ein gemeinsames Wertefundament. Deswegen ist diese Entschließung auch ein Anlass, unsere Besorgnis auszudrücken darüber, dass dieses gemeinsame Wertefundament immer weiter zu erodieren droht.

Es ist nicht akzeptabel, wenn in Thailand Oppositionspolitiker unter Druck gesetzt werden, wenn ihnen angedroht wird, dass sie ihr Leben lang nicht mehr Politik ausüben können, nur weil sie andere Meinungen haben, wenn die Meinungsfreiheit beschränkt wird. Es ist auch nicht akzeptabel, dass in den letzten Jahren 2000Menschenrechtsverteidigerinnen und Menschenrechtsverteidiger, Journalistinnen und Journalisten strafrechtlich verfolgt wurden. Natürlich ist es auch nicht akzeptabel, dass Uiguren nach China deportiert werden, wo ihnen willkürliche Inhaftierung, aber eben auch Folter droht.

Wir erwarten, dass die Rechte von Minderheiten wie der Uiguren geschützt werden. Und in der Tat erwarte ich auch vom Parlament und von der Delegation des Parlaments, dass sie sich für diese Rechte ganz aktiv auch bei diesen Delegationsreisen einsetzt. Ich glaube, es ist deswegen wichtig, dass wir diese Entschließung beschließen, dass wir mit großer Geschlossenheit, aber auch Entschlossenheit, Verbesserungen einfordern, diese aber auch gemeinsam mit den thailändischen Behörden versuchen zu erringen.

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Susanna Ceccardi, autrice. – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, l'11 settembre 2018 la dottoressa Abbas, medico in pensione, è stata prelevata con la forza; un arresto che sembra legato alle critiche pubbliche espresse da sua sorella, meno di una settimana prima, durante un evento presso un think tank statunitense, in cui denunciava la repressione degli uiguri.

Da allora la sua famiglia non ha più avuto notizie di lei. Il 27 febbraio 2020 almeno 40 uiguri sono stati rimpatriati dalla Thailandia in Cina, un'azione che desta profonda preoccupazione e che viola gli standard internazionali assunti dal Paese.

In Cina gli uiguri affrontano detenzioni arbitrarie, condizioni di lavoro forzato e restrizioni alle libertà fondamentali. Inoltre, il governo cinese sta estendendo la sua influenza ben oltre i propri confini, esercitando pressioni su altri Stati affinché collaborino al rimpatrio forzato di dissidenti e minoranze perseguitate.

L'Unione europea deve andare oltre le semplici dichiarazioni di condanna ma è necessario adottare misure concrete, una maggiore trasparenza nelle filiere produttive e restrizioni commerciali per i prodotti legati allo sfruttamento del lavoro forzato, che danneggiano le nostre imprese, sottoposte a standard rigidi e a regolamentazioni spesso folli, applicate da burocrati inflessibili.

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Miriam Lexmann, on behalf of the PPE Group. – MrPresident, colleagues, Commissioner, just in the recent years, the Chinese Communist Party has built an Orwellian state that has introduced mass surveillance, forced labour and placed over a million Uyghurs in a concentration camp.

This is the reason why many Uyghurs escape the brutal regime while placing their trust in the hands of the international community. Thailand has completely failed these victims and violated international guarantees of their dignity and rights. They were kept in inhumane conditions before being sent back to China, where they face the risk of torture and imprisonment.

Dear colleagues, this is yet another proof of why we have to rethink our relations with China, ensuring a value-based and consistent approach towards the Chinese Communist Party. Only such a principled foreign policy can protect human rights and our economic interests. Thailand and our partner countries have to decide where they want to stand.

Brīvais mikrofons

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Lukas Sieper (NI). – MrPresident, dearpeople of Europe, Thailand has just deported Uyghurs back to China.

Let's not sugarcoat it – and I thank you, colleague, that you did not. These people are being sent to concentration camps - not prisons, not re-education centres. Concentration camps.

And no, as far as we know, there are no gas chambers, but there is torture, there is forced sterilisation, there is forced marriage and the complete eradication of their culture.

This is not a political exaggeration. This is not based on rumours. This is based on facts reported by Der Spiegel, by the Fraunhofer Institute and by other renowned institutions.

Europe knows the horrors of concentration camps. We know what happens when the world stays silent in the face of such madness. We must be clear: no country in the world shall send Uyghurs back to China. We in this House, across all political divides, must agree on one thing: when people are thrown into concentration camps, we stand up. Because if we don't, who will?

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Ondřej Dostál (NI). – MrPresident, dear colleagues, I had an opportunity to be a part of a European Ϸվ mission to Thailand, and we tried to build friendly relations, which we need because we are in danger of trade wars and Thailand is and can be a valuable partner to the European Union.

Firstly, I see it as wrong to 'strongly condemn' somebody who should be our partner – and 'strongly condemn' is the wording of the declaration – in case we are not a court of law and we cannot assess what actually happens there.

The position of Thailand is that the Uyghurs are safe. There are safeguards in China that are put in place. The opinions of our colleagues are different, but we should leave it to the court to resolve these things.

Another issue is the critique of internal laws like the criminal lese-majesty law. Thailand has a kingdom for 800 years, and it is not very respectful from us to intervene in their domestic affairs. Please reconsider.

(Brīvā mikrofona uzstāšanos beigas.)

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Dan Jørgensen, Member of the Commission. – MrPresident, honourable Members of the European Ϸվ, Thailand is among the EU's longest‑standing partners in Asia. In 2022, we signed the partnership and cooperation agreement. And in 2023, free trade agreement negotiations resumed. The EU and Thailand have started a successful cooperation on security issues, including maritime security, the law of the sea and the fight against organised crime. The partnership and cooperation agreement with Thailand marks an important step towards strengthening bilateral relations based on shared universal values, such as democracy and human rights.

Thailand is also an important partner in the region within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, and multilaterally within the United Nations, where Thailand recently supported the EU‑sponsored resolution on a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in Ukraine.

In 2023, Thailand successfully held parliamentarian elections, which resulted in a peaceful transfer of power to a new civilian government for the first time since the 2014 coup. It is important that the political space in Thailand remains open, and that restored political pluralism and fundamental freedoms are protected.

Regarding the human rights right situation, while there has been some progress, challenges remain in some areas. Sedition and computer crime charges are used to limit free speech. Failure to comply with the royal defamation legal framework was at the origin of the motion for the dissolution of the main opposition party. We hope that Thailand will refrain from imposing disproportionate sentences in the lese-majesty cases, especially on children and young people.

On 27February 2025, Thailand proceeded with the deportation of 40 Uyghur refugees to China. The EU deeply regrets the decision by the Thai Government, taken in violation of the principles of non-refoulement, as well as of Thailand's obligation under national and international law. It is detrimental to Thailand's international image. We have expressed our serious concerns directly to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Bangkok.

We also noted positive developments on the human rights situation in Thailand, like the recently adopted Marriage Equality Act, which enshrines into law the equal recognition of relationships for same‑sex couples. The EU welcomes this step. Thailand became the first Southeast Asian country to recognise same‑sex unions. Thailand was also elected a member of the Human Rights Council for 2025 and 2026, and continues its efforts to ratify the core human rights instruments. In 2024, Thailand ratified the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearances and started enforcing the Prevention and Suppression of Torture and Enforced Disappearance Act.

The EU supports the universal principles of democracy and human rights everywhere in the world. This is one of the fundamental tenets of the European common foreign policy. Therefore, we continue to raise human rights issues in the political dialogue with the Thai authorities and in multilateral forums, including at the Human Rights Council. The EU will also continue to support civil society stakeholders to promote dialogue and their effective participation.

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ʰšŧŧ. – Debates ir slēgtas.

Balsošana notiks rītdien.

Rakstiski paziņojumi (178. pants)

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João Oliveira (The Left), por escrito. – Condenamos toda e qualquer violação de direitos humanos, seja na Tailândia, seja em qualquer país que integra a UE, ou noutra qualquer parte do Mundo. Quando a situação da Tailândia tem sido praticamente ignorada nos últimos anos pelo PE, é num momento de aproximação deste país à República Popular da China que surge esta resolução, instrumentalizando cinicamente as migrações e os uigures (detidos há dez anos em centros de detenção tailandeses sem que tal tivesse merecido anteriormente qualquer consideração). A UE não tem moral, pelas políticas que defende, promove e implementa no que aos migrantes e refugiados diz respeito, para ditar juízos sobre terceiros quanto a esta questão. Não acompanhamos e denunciamos a instrumentalização dos direitos humanos, para que, a seu pretexto, sejam promovidas políticas coercivas de relacionamento ou encobertas e dissimuladas operações de ingerência externa e políticas de confrontação no plano internacional, que visam, além da Tailândia, a República Popular da China. A relação da UE e dos seus Estados-Membros com outros países deve ser pautada pelo respeito pela sua soberania e independência, no cumprimento dos princípios da Carta das Nações Unidas e do Direito Internacional, respeitando o direito dos povos a decidir do seu destino, livre de ingerências externas, promovendo a paz, e uma cooperação mutuamente vantajosa.

Последно осъвременяване: 14 април 2025 г.Правна информация-Политика за поверителност