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Středa, 2. dubna 2025-Štrasburk

18.2. Vlna poprav v Íránu a potvrzení rozsudků smrti aktivistů Behrúze Ehsáního a Mehdího Hassaního (rozprava)
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Le Président. – L’ordre du jour appelle à présent le débat sur six propositions de résolution concernant la vague d’exécutions en Iran et la confirmation de la condamnation à mort des militants BehrouzEhsani et MehdiHassani [].

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Danuše Nerudová, author. – MrPresident, dear colleagues, what do regimes do when they fear their own citizens?In Iran, they imprison, torture and execute.

Two Iranian activists were sentenced to death after trials that lasted just five minutes. The crime? Demanding freedom. Repression is deliberately used as a tool of political control to silence dissent and crush basic human rights. But when they try to silence the truth with all their power, independent journalism often remains civil societies' last hope.

Radio Free Europe, through its Radio Farda, has long played that role. For years, it has provided Iranians with uncensored news, exposed state abuses and has given voice to those the regime tries to silence. It has helped keep the truth and resistance alive.

Today, that work is at risk. With cuts in use in US funding, it's time for Europe to step up. We cannot afford to lose this crucial media, not when it plays such a vital role in supporting those fighting for freedom in Iran. Keeping Radio Free Europe alive means defending the people who depend on it and protecting the values we claim to stand for.

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Francisco Assis, Autor. – Senhor Presidente, Senhora Comissária, aqui estamos nós hoje de novo, infelizmente, para falarmos de um dos regimes mais atrozes e mais violentos do mundo contemporâneo: o regime teocrático iraniano.

E para falarmos de pessoas que foram condenadas à morte e que foram condenadas à morte por um único motivo: porque ousam combater, com uma heroicidade sem limites, este regime bárbaro, este regime que oprime as mulheres e os homens no seu próprio país.

São vários os casos. Nós referimos aqui dois em particular, mas há muitos mais. Nas prisões de Teerão e de outras cidades do Irão há centenas e centenas de pessoas à espera da morte. É a resposta que o regime encontra para todos aqueles que teimam em continuar a lutar contra a prepotência, contra o autoritarismo, contra o desrespeito total pelos mais elementares direitos humanos.

Não tenhamos qualquer ilusão. Este é mesmo um dos regimes mais atrozes com que estamos hoje confrontados. E só há um caminho que podemos seguir: é o caminho da denúncia do regime e o caminho da solidariedade para com as suas vítimas e para com estes homens e estas mulheres que heroicamente continuam a resistir. É esse o nosso dever e é essa a nossa responsabilidade.

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Veronika Vrecionová, Autorka. – Pane předsedající, paní komisařko, statistiky o stoupajícím počtu poprav v Íránu zní opravdu hrozivě. Ještě děsivěji se nás realita íránského režimu dotkne, když sledujeme osobní příběhy konkrétních vězňů čekajících v celách smrti. A to je i případ Behrúze Ehsáního a Mehdího Hassaního, jejichž soudní procesy nesou všechny znaky zmanipulovaných politických procesů v totalitě – mučení a vynucené přiznání ke skutkům, které mají zakrýt, že jsou oba aktivisté trestáni jen za to, že patří k opozici. Oba dostali trest smrti po procesu, který trval pět minut, a nyní jim každou minutou hrozí poprava. V celách smrti se navíc nachází minimálně 56 dalších politických vězňů. Nepokoušejme se o jakýkoli appeasement s režimem, který chce popravit Behrúze Ehsáního a Mehdího Hassaního.

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Helmut Brandstätter, Verfasser. – Herr Präsident, Frau Kommissarin! Der Iran ist ein wunderschönes, wunderbares Land mit einer wunderbaren Bevölkerung, einer sehr interessanten Geschichte und gleichzeitig mit einer Regierung, die alles dafür tut, dieses Land zu zerstören und vor allem die Menschen in diesem Land zu zerstören– mit einer ganz besonderen Organisation, die sogenannten Revolutionsgarden. Es ist mir wichtig, dass wir auch sie als Terrororganisation bezeichnen und dafür deklarieren, weil das ist auch gleichzeitig eine Wirtschaftsorganisation, die den Mullahs, die die Menschen zerstören, auch noch viel Geld gibt.

Und wir haben schon darüber gesprochen: Die Menschen, die zum Tode verurteilt wurden– fast 1000 in einem Jahr–; zwei sind genannt worden. Aber ich möchte noch jemanden ansprechen: Mahwasch Sabet. Eine Schriftstellerin, die mit 70Jahren– sie war schon mehrfach im Gefängnis– zu zehn Jahren Gefängnis verurteilt wurde. Das ist ja auch quasi eine Todesstrafe. Und warum? Nur weil sie Baha‘i ist.

Und ich möchte nur ganz kurz von dieser Schriftstellerin vorlesen, und das sagt alles: „Du bist der Mensch im Käfig, wirst zur Null unter anderen Nullen. Und glaubst, was nicht wa(h)r, und gestehst, was du nicht getan.“

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Hannah Neumann, author. – Mr President, on Tuesday mornings, I kiss my kids goodbye as they leave to school. On Tuesday mornings in Iran, hope is hung from cranes. 975 executions last year, 230 already this year. In the Islamic Republic, death is declared a necessity to protect power against the will of the people.

This regime builds gallows where bridges are needed. It intimidates when people ask for freedom. It harasses when people ask to choose their own path, it kills when its power is questioned. In this system, people are not meant to live freely. They are meant to serve, to obey, to stay silent until death, if need be. This regime terrorises its own people. It spreads terror across the region, and the long arm of the IRGC brings this terror to Europe. Spying. Intimidating. Kidnapping. Killing.

What more do Member States need to put the IRGC on the terror list?

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Matthieu Valet, auteur. – Monsieur le Président, rien de nouveau sous le soleil. Des régimes tenus par l’islamisme rigoriste réduisent les femmes à l’état d’animaux de compagnie, persécutent les minorités religieuses, exécutent des opposants et transforment des civilisations millénaires en sociétés moroses. Encore une fois, logiquement, ce Parlement européen s’indigne, et Bruxelles condamne. Mais que font-ils? Grande hypocrisie, parce que, pendant que, à juste titre, nos institutions pleurent sur le sort de jeunes Iraniens condamnés à mort pour une chanson, un tweet ou une mèche de cheveux mal couverte, cette même Union européenne ouvre toutes les portes à celles de nos vieilles nations qui prennent cette même voie.

En France, dont je suis un élu, l’islamisme prend une tournure de plus en plus grave. À Trappes, à Roubaix, à Marseille, des mosquées radicalisées avec des prédicateurs issus de l’étranger envahissent notre territoire, et la France a bien du mal à les expulser. Pis, aujourd’hui, cette assemblée finance des organisations islamistes masquées telles que Femyso, qui n’est ni plus ni moins qu’une vitrine proprette des Frères musulmans. Ceux-là même qui, en France, ont inventé le terme islamophobie, ainsi que le rapportent nos services de renseignement.

C’est pourquoi j’ai bien peur que l’Europe ne se réveille tardivement. Et à défaut d’un réveil, il faudra combattre cet islamisme radical, qui malheureusement a fait de la France le pays le plus touché par les terroristes islamistes et qui trouve sa source aujourd’hui dans des pays comme l’Iran, qui prône cet islamisme à la place de la démocratie telle que nous la concevons.

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Milan Zver, v imenu skupine PPE. – Gospod predsednik! Iran se znova dokazujejo kot ena od najbolj okrutnih diktatur na svetu. Politična zapornika Ehsani in Hasani sta obsojena na smrt zgolj zato, ker sta si drznila zahtevati svobodo za iransko ljudstvo.

Njuna edina krivda je pogum, da sta se zoperstavila režimu, ki že desetletja ustrahuje in mori. Pod vodstvom Alija Hameneja, ki je danes upravičeno poznan kot boter usmrtitev in terorizma, je Iran v zadnjem letu izvedel 1153, 1153 usmrtitev. To je kar polovica več kot v primerjavi s prejšnjim letom. Med žrtvami so tudi ženske, otroci, disidenti in zatirane manjšine.

Skrajni čas je, da mednarodna skupnost, tudi Evropska unija, ukrepa. Vse odnose z iranskim režimom moramo pogojevati s takojšnjo ustavitvijo mučenja in usmrtitev.

Dosje iranskih kršitev človekovih pravic je potrebno obravnavati tudi v Varnostnem svetu OZN in privesti krivce pred roko pravice.

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Daniel Attard, on behalf of the S&D Group. – MrPresident, Iran is killing its own people. Almost a thousand executions last year. Sentences handed down after torture and fake trials. This is state murder and we know it.

We need real consequences. We cannot keep reacting with empty words. We need real pressure, clear red lines. We cannot be neutral in the face of injustice. We need to act. Silence and delays cost lives. Call this what it is: a regime that fears its own people and kills them to stay in power.

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Petras Auštrevičius, on behalf of the Renew Group. – MrPresident, Madam Commissioner, dear colleagues, the Iranian mullahs' regime continues to carry out executions to maintain its close grip on power and stifle dissent. In fact, the number of executions in Iran has doubled in the past year.

In the climate of fear and severe repression, attempts are being made to silence the opposition, the rights of women and minorities continue to be trampled on, and hostage diplomacy is being carried out using EU citizens.

Members of the No Death Penalty Tuesdays abolitionist campaign, Behrouz Ehsani and Mehdi Hassani, have been sentenced to death without due process and on false charges. We have missed an opportunity to take appropriate action against the Iranian regime, as a result of which the Iranian Revolutionary Guard continues to operate as a terrorist organisation and UN Human Rights Council representatives are unable to carry out the necessary investigations.

I call on the European External Action Service to take all the appropriate actions to stop the brutalities carried out in Iran.

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Davor Ivo Stier (PPE). – Poštovani predsjedavajući, poštovane kolegice i kolege, poštovana povjerenice, više od 900 pogubljenja samo 2024. godine. To nije nikakva pravda. To je državni teror. Nedavna potvrda smrtnih presuda Behruzu Ehsaniju i Mehdiju Hasaniju, nakon mučenja i montiranih suđenja, još je jedno flagrantno kršenje ljudskih prava.

Europski parlament ne smije šutjeti dok režim u Teheranu nastavlja nemilosrdni progon političkih aktivista, etničkih manjina i braniteljica ženskih prava. Zahtijevamo stoga trenutačno i bezuvjetno oslobađanje svih političkih zatvorenika, prestanak pogubljenja i ukidanje smrtne kazne.

Štoviše, pozivamo Vijeće da konačno proglasi Iransku revolucionarnu gardu terorističkom organizacijom i da proširi sankcije Europske unije na odgovorne za ove zločine. Borba iranskog naroda za slobodu treba se podržati. To je naša moralna odgovornost.

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Evin Incir (S&D). – Mr President, since the Jin, Jiyan, Azadi, Women, Life, Freedom uprising in 2022, the regime has escalated its repression. Iran now holds the highest per capita executions rate globally. While the Iranian regime aims to install fear through its policies, it has only galvanised the resolve of those advocating for equality and fundamental rights.

We have as a responsibility as the EU to support these brave individuals and to take actions. The EU must unite to secure the release of all political prisoners. Our EU citizens deserve to return home. And every and each Iranian deserves the right to live in democracy, freedom and equality. As this brutal regime continues its violence and the EU does only the bare minimum.

Commissioner, when will the EU classify the IRGC as a terrorist organisation? This is something we have asked for for over two years now, and I know that sometimes there are challenges, but I think also if there is a will, there is a way.

Interventions à la demande

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Tiago Moreira de Sá (PfE). – Senhor Presidente, a vaga de execuções que assola o Irão expõe, uma vez mais, a natureza de um regime que não governa, assombra.

O Irão não é apenas um regime político. É uma noite sem estrelas, um projeto teológico de trevas, um imenso eclipse moral dedicado a apagar, sob a mesma crueldade, a luz da razão, a chama da liberdade e o brilho da mulher.

Contra essa escuridão pesada e anacrónica, os Acordos de Abraão são mais do que diplomacia, são a centelha de um novo princípio, rasgando como a aurora, uma longa noite. São Abraão, o patriarca do possível, enfrentando Khomeini, o fanático do absoluto.

Neste combate entre os descendentes da promessa e os sacerdotes da punição, entre a luz de Abraão e as trevas de Khomeini, o que está em causa é a alma de uma civilização.

No Irão, as execuções, em especial as públicas, são tipicamente perpetradas ao amanhecer, como se o regime pondo fim a uma vida, no exato instante em que o mundo recomeça, quisesse interromper a transição inevitável entre a noite eo dia, entre a escuridão e a luz.

Mas um dia o regime das trevas verá, finalmente, o seu último nascer do sol.

(Fin des interventions à la demande)

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Hadja Lahbib, Member of the Commission. – MrPresident, honourable Members of the European Ϸվ, the EU monitors the human rights situation in Iran very closely.

The current pace of executions is appalling. Iran is setting a new, terrifying record of executions every year. Last year alone, more than 900 executions were recorded, which was the highest number since 2015. The report of the UN special rapporteur, issued last week at the Human Rights Council in Geneva, points out that more than half of the death penalties imposed in Iran were for drug offences, national security offences and sexual offences.

The use of capital punishment for these offences stands in stark contrast to Iran's commitments under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which restricts the application of capital punishment to the most serious crimes. Our policy approach towards Iran aims to address all issues of concern. And this includes the use of capital punishment.

The EU has a strong, unequivocal and long-standing opposition to the death penalty at all times and in all circumstances. We therefore also call on the Iranian authorities to spare the lives of the two activists mentioned in today's debate, Behrouz Ehsani and Mehdi Hassani, who are at imminent risk of execution. This worrying practice to use the death penalty affects also European nationals. DrAhmadreza Djalali has been arbitrarily detained in Iran for many years and is also at high risk of execution.

The death penalty as a tool of repression against political dissidents and protesters is a matter of serious concern. Following the crackdown on the 2022 nationwide protests, the EU adopted 10 packages of targeted sanctions. We are also a strong supporter of the UN accountability mechanisms, the UN special rapporteur and the international fact-finding mission.

Again, a few days ago at the Human Rights Council in Geneva, the EU expressed – in full unity of its 2027 Member States – a strong position on the critical human rights situation in Iran, including onthe dramatic rise of executions. The EU urged Iran to immediately introduce a moratorium on executions and subsequently abolish capital punishment altogether. At the same time, the EU uses communication channels to Iran to convey such positions directly, including the imperative to uphold the due process rights of accused individuals.

Allow me to say once again that the EU will continue to be vocal and urge Iran to reverse this worrying pace of executions. We will continue to hold those responsible for human rights abuses and violations accountable. Since 2011, the EU has in place restrictive measures related to serious human rights violations, which have been substantially extended in recent years, and this approach will continue as long as necessary.

When it comes to the IRGC listing as a terrorist organisation, such a decision has been brought in front of the Council. Ultimately, the addition of entities or individuals to the so-called EU terrorist list is subject to a decision by the Council of the European Union by unanimity of all EU 27 Member States.

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Le Président. – Le débat est clos.

Le vote aura lieu demain.

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