Документи - Think Tank - Европейски парламент

Briefing - Towards renewed and beneficial EU enlargement - 10-03-2025

Sun, 09 Mar 2025 23:00:00 GMT

The EU's integration, from the establishment of the European Economic Community in 1957 to the welcoming of 13 European countries in the 2004-2013 period, has been lauded for boosting economic development and living standards across the continent, bringing dynamism and new perspectives as well as enhancing Europe's geopolitical weight on the global stage. This economic development has been accompanied by dramatic improvements in life expectancy, gender equality and protection of the environment. The EU enlargement process has been a key driver of these results by expanding the single market for trade, competition, freedom of movement and investment. This briefing constructs three scenarios for the EU's future enlargement (2024-2035). The analysis finds that an EU enlargement with modest convergence (Scenario 2) could raise the EU's gross domestic product (GDP) by 8 % by 2035 compared with the status quo (Scenario 1). In an ideal state scenario, with an ambitious approach to enlargement (Scenario 3), the EU's GDP could rise by up to 24 %. The analysis finds that all EU countries would experience greater GDP growth as a result of EU enlargement, albeit of differing magnitudes. Such growth, particularly if the enlargement process is done in a smart way, could be broad-based and be reflected also in higher living standards, lower global greenhouse gas emissions and greater defence readiness for all countries. Enlargement could also promote EU competitiveness, sovereignty and shared exploitation of critical materials, and help to develop access to modern warfare and stronger defence capacity. The strengthening of democratic institutions, the reinforcement of the European pillar of social rights to boost living standards, and EU institutional reform are key elements in realising the full potential offered by enlargement.

Източник : © Европейски съюз, 2025 - ЕП

Briefing - Ireland and Denmark in the EU: Fiftieth anniversary of accession - 19-01-2022

Tue, 18 Jan 2022 23:00:00 GMT

This year marks the 50th anniversary of the signing of the accession treaties to the former European Communities by Ireland and Denmark. The path to membership was not smooth for either country, with their first two applications made in 1961 and 1967, together with the United Kingdom, effectively blocked by French opposition. With a change of government in France, the six members of the European Communities reaffirmed their agreement to the enlargement of the Communities, and negotiations on membership began with Denmark, Ireland, Norway and the United Kingdom (UK). In Denmark, Ireland and Norway, referendums were held to decide on possible membership. The Danish and Irish people voted 'yes', while citizens in Norway narrowly rejected membership, with 53.5 % voting 'no'. On 1 January 1973, Denmark and Ireland (along with the UK) officially became members of the European Communities after more than a decade of negotiations. Over time, Treaty ratification referendums took place in other countries too, but were most concentrated in Ireland (7) and Denmark (4). In fact, Ireland remains unique in this sense as the only Member State that has held a referendum on every major Treaty revision since voting in 1972 to become a member. This was the first enlargement of the European Economic Community (EEC), bringing membership from the original six to nine members. It also meant that the number of Members of the European �Ϸ��վ rose from 142 to 198, which represented an increase of nearly 40 %. This paper looks at the background to the decision to seek membership of the European Communities, examining the economic and political conditions that caused Ireland and Denmark to seek to become Member States. It also discusses key features of EU membership: for Ireland, the decision to join the euro and its relationship with the Schengen Agreement; and for Denmark, the opt-outs introduced with the advent of the Maastricht Treaty.

Източник : © Европейски съюз, 2022 - ЕП

Проучване - Research for PECH Committee - Marine recreational and semi-subsistence fishing - its value and its impact on fish stocks - 14-07-2017

Thu, 21 Sep 2017 22:00:00 GMT

This study assesses the value and impact on fish stocks of marine recreational and semi-subsistence fisheries in Europe. Total economic impact of marine recreational fishing amounts to 10.5 billion euro, supporting almost 100,000 jobs. The impact varies between fish stocks, representing 2-72% of total catch. The marine recreational fisheries are biologically and economically important, so should be included in stock assessment to ensure sustainability, and considered a sector for development alongside commercial fisheries and aquaculture under the Common Fisheries Policy.

Източник : © Европейски съюз, 2017 - ЕП

Briefing - Impact of the ECSC Common Assembly on the politics, negotiation and content of the Rome Treaties - 10-03-2017

Thu, 09 Mar 2017 23:00:00 GMT

As the historical framework for the present-day European Union (EU), the Treaties of Rome, signed in March 1957 and establishing the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom), are among the most important treaties of the European integration process. The failure to set up a European Defence Community in 1954 provided the incentive for the EEC Treaty to envisage integration in economic as well as political terms. Crucially, the Rome Treaties provided for the establishment of today's EU institutions, which have played a major role in securing the peaceful coexistence of Member States for the past sixty years. The Common Assembly (CA) of the European Coal and Steel Community (1952-1957) has long been overlooked as an important factor in the development of the Rome Treaties. As it was not directly involved in deliberations and negotiations on the treaties, it might easily be concluded that the CA did not play a significant role. This briefing demonstrates the very opposite. It was the CA that put the issue of an extended common market on the Community and Member States' political agenda, thereby relaunching European integration at a decisive moment in the EU's history. Furthermore, the CA effectively foreshadowed its future position and competences in a wider European community. The CA formulated demands for greater legislative and budgetary powers in order to overcome its subsidiary and consultative role. Given its political authority as the parliamentary representation of the people of the Community, the CA was successful in incorporating its demands into the deliberations and negotiations that led to the Rome Treaties.

Източник : © Европейски съюз, 2017 - ЕП

Задълбочен анализ - Violence Against Women - 01-12-1997

Tue, 18 Jun 2013 07:17:41 GMT

Violence against women is a widespread phenomenon found throughout society. It is acknowledged to be one of the most serious infringements of the rights of the individual. This paper sets out the different types of violence and gives a description of all the initiatives which have been taken to date by international and European organisations and as a result of the contribution of NGOs. It also refers to the existing legal instruments in this field and gives a brief description of current Community action.

Източник : © Европейски съюз, 1997 - ЕП

Проучване - Stimulating Economic Growth - The Recovery Programmes in the European Community, Japan and the United States - 01-10-1993

Tue, 18 Jun 2013 06:45:21 GMT