Documentos - Think Tank - Parlamento Europeu

Briefing - Package travel and linked travel arrangements: Improving protection for travellers - 13-02-2025

Wed, 12 Feb 2025 23:00:00 GMT

On 29 November 2023, the European Commission adopted a proposal for a directive amending Directive (EU) 2015/2302 on package travel and linked travel arrangements, to improve protection for travellers and simplify and clarify certain aspects of the current directive. The Commission announced in a 2020 communication on a new consumer agenda that it would look into revising the directive following the turmoil caused by the mass cancellations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The proposal is the result of two years of stakeholder consultations and a reassessment of the current rules. The main changes focus on securing travellers' rights and improving insolvency protection. Other key changes include extending the directive's scope to lay down rules on contracts between package organisers and service providers. In the European �Ϸ��վ, the file has been referred to the Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection (IMCO). After the European elections, a rapporteur was reappointed on 30 September 2024. In the meantime, the Council adopted its negotiating mandate on 18 December 2024. Second edition. The 'EU Legislation in Progress' briefings are updated at key stages throughout the legislative procedure

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2025 - PE

Briefing - France's National Recovery and Resilience Plan: Latest state of play - 03-07-2024

Wed, 03 Jul 2024 07:21:24 GMT

France's national recovery and resilience plan (NRRP) is a subpart of 'France Relance', a larger recovery strategy France adopted in 2020 at national level, worth €100 billion in total (4.1 % of France's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2019). The NRRP had an initial value of €40.9 billion (total costs), while the plan as amended in 2023 is worth €41.9 billion. Under the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF), at the core of the Next Generation EU (NGEU) instrument, France's RRF grant allocation decreased from €39.4 billion to €37.5 billion, following the June 2022 update. In April 2023, France submitted a request to amend its NRRP – partly in order to take into account the decrease in the EU's financial contribution, but also to add a new REPowerEU chapter, which comes with an additional grant allocation of €2.3 billion. France also asked to transfer a portion of its share of the Brexit Adjustment Reserve to its plan (€504 million). The EU contribution to the French amended plan totals €40.3 billion in grants, with the rest to be covered by national means. France has not requested loans. The RRF resources allocated to France represent 5.3 % of the entire RRF resources for the EU, and 1.6 % of the country's GDP in 2019 (the RRF representing 5.2 % of EU-27 GDP in 2019). Measures under the plan are to be completed by August 2026. So far, France has received €30.9 billion. The next payments will depend on progress in implementing the plan. �Ϸ��վ, which was a major advocate of the creation of a common EU recovery instrument, participates in interinstitutional forums for cooperation and discussion on its implementation and scrutinises the European Commission's work. This briefing is one in a series covering all EU Member States. Fifth edition. The 'NGEU delivery' briefings are updated at key stages throughout the lifecycle of the plans.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2024 - PE

Briefing - Economic Dialogue with the other EU Institutions under the European Semester Cycles during the 9th legislative term - State of play April 2024 - 24-04-2024

Tue, 23 Apr 2024 22:00:00 GMT

This document provides an overview of Economic Dialogues with the other institutions of the European Union that has taken place in the competent committee(s) of the European �Ϸ��վ since September 2019 under the European Semester for economic policy coordination. It also lists the Recovery and Resilience Dialogues with the European Commission as undertaken by the competent committee(s) since the entry of force of the Recovery and Resilience Facility in 2021. It also includes an overview of the respective legal bases for these dialogues. During the 9th legislative term, the competent committees held 15 Recovery and Resilience Dialogues with the Commission, 10 Economic Dialogues with the Commission, 9 Economic Dialogues with the Council, and 6 Economic Dialogues with the Eurogroup.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2024 - PE

Estudo - The potential impact of the unitary Supplementary Protection Certificate on access to health technologies - 28-09-2023

Wed, 27 Sep 2023 22:00:00 GMT

In April 2023, the European Commission adopted regulatory proposals introducing a Unitary Supplementary Protection Certificate (SPC) and a centralised assessment procedure for SPCs for medicinal products. This study analyses the potential impacts of these proposals on access to medicines, the administrative burden to applicants and the cost to national health systems. This document was prepared by Policy Department for Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the JURI Committee.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Em síntese - 'This is Europe' debate in the European �Ϸ��վ: Speech by Xavier Bettel, Prime Minister of Luxembourg, 19 April 2023 - 24-04-2023

Mon, 24 Apr 2023 06:44:26 GMT

'This is Europe' – an initiative proposed by the President of the European �Ϸ��վ, Roberta Metsola – consists of a series of debates with EU leaders to discuss their visions for the future of the European Union. In his address to the European �Ϸ��վ on 19 April 2023, the Prime Minister of Luxembourg, Xavier Bettel, emphasised three topics: i) democracy and the rule of law, ii) strategic autonomy, and iii) migration. He called for greater protection of minorities and respect for the rule of law and fundamental values. Openness was also an important point for him, both regarding internal borders within the European Union and on cooperation and trade with the world. Given the challenges – financial, climate, security, industrial and social – that lie ahead in the coming years, he called for more solidarity and greater means on which to build the EU's political action.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Estudo - Independence and transparency policies of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) - 13-04-2023

Wed, 12 Apr 2023 22:00:00 GMT

This study has been commissioned by the European �Ϸ��վ’s Policy Department for Economic, Scientific and Quality of Life Policies, Directorate-General for Internal Policies at the request of the ENVI Committee. It analyses EFSA’s independence and transparency policies and examines how legislative provisions have been implemented by EFSA and whether rules and practices adopted by EFSA can be improved.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Estudo - Mapping of long-term public and private investments in the development of Covid-19 vaccines - 29-03-2023

Tue, 28 Mar 2023 22:00:00 GMT

This study provides a mapping of funds contributed by different actors for the R&D and the expansion of the production capacity of COVID-19 vaccines, with a focus on those authorised in the EU. Nine vaccines are examined. It is found that governments, mainly the US (with some not-for-profit entities) decisively supported corporate investments, either for R&D, manufacturing, or both, by nearly EUR 9 billion, i.e. on average EUR one billion of grants per vaccine, with, however, vast variance across companies. Moreover, almost EUR 21 billion was allocated to companies through Advance Purchase Agreements. While the EU and MS support through Advance Purchase Agreements was key to de-risk the production of vaccines, the role of EU and MS support in directly supporting R&D was marginal compared with the US federal government. The study assesses the necessity for continuing public support to R&D on vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 future variants of concern and possibly other coronaviruses. After highlighting current market failures, new incentive mechanisms in the public interest for vaccine R&D are suggested to grant equity and accessibility, as well as rewards in line with risks.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Estudo - Workshop on COVID-19: EU Crisis Preparedness and Response - 17-03-2023

Wed, 22 Mar 2023 23:00:00 GMT

These proceedings summarise the presentations and discussions during the workshop on ‘COVID-19: EU Preparedness and Response’, held on 8 March 2023. The five presentations touched, inter alia, upon the impact of COVID-19 at EU level, and how the EU has been prepared, how it responded to that crisis, and the lessons learned following the pandemic. These workshop proceedings were provided by the Policy Department for Economic, Scientific and Quality of Life Policies for the Special Committee on COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned and recommendations for the future (COVI).

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Estudo - Social and Economic Consequences of COVID-19 - 01-03-2023

Sun, 19 Mar 2023 23:00:00 GMT

This study considers the consequences of measures aimed at countering the effects of COVID-19, in particular the Temporary Framework for State aid, EU Digital COVID Certificates and other measures implemented by EU Member States. The study examines the consequences of the measures on industry, small and medium-sized enterprises and focuses on the cultural and creative industries. Consequences for workers and working practices were also considered, and lessons learnt identified. This document was provided by the Policy Department for Economic, Scientific and Quality of Life Policies at the request of the special committee on COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned and recommendations for the future (COVI).

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Estudo - Workshop on long COVID - Workshop Proceedings - 01-03-2023

Sun, 26 Mar 2023 22:00:00 GMT

These proceedings summarise the presentations and discussions of the workshop on ‘long COVID’ organised for the European �Ϸ��վ’s Special Committee on the COVID-19 pandemic on 9 March 2023. The six presentations touched, inter alia, upon the current state of knowledge on the disease’s clinical profile, potential causes and underlying mechanisms, impacts on patients and society, and lessons to be learned from post-acute infection syndromes and chronic diseases. The speakers and Members could discuss the urgent actions and financial support needed from the EU to close gaps in scientific knowledge, to raise awareness on long COVID, and to develop treatments which could improve patients’ condition.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Em síntese - Social and Economic Consequences of COVID-19 - 01-03-2023

Sun, 02 Apr 2023 22:00:00 GMT

The original full study considers the consequences of measures aimed at countering the effects of COVID-19, in particular the Temporary Framework for State aid, EU Digital COVID Certificates and other measures implemented by EU Member States. The study examines the consequences of the measures on industry, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and focuses on the cultural and creative industries. Consequences for workers and working practices are also considered, and lessons learnt identified.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Estudo - The situation of Article 2 TEU values in Greece - LIBE mission to Greece 6-8 March 2023 - 01-03-2023

Thu, 16 Mar 2023 23:00:00 GMT

This study, written by the Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the European �Ϸ��վ's Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs - Democracy, Rule of Law and Fundamental Rights Monitoring Group, examines the situation of Democracy, the Rule of Law and Fundamental Rights in Greece and how Article 2 TEU values are respected and implemented in the country.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Estudo - The European public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons for future cross border health threats - 17-02-2023

Thu, 16 Feb 2023 23:00:00 GMT

This study was drawn up to support the work of the European �Ϸ��վ's Special Committee on the COVID 19 pandemic. It examines the European Union's public health response to the COVID 19 pandemic across the following five pillars: (1) the EU vaccines strategy and national vaccination strategies; (2) independent scientific evidence on vaccine effectiveness; (3) the EU public health response to COVID 19, addressing the EU framework for crisis response; (4) the EU's prevention and preparedness efforts for future health threats; and (5) considerations regarding EU competences in public health. By assessing the lessons of the COVID 19 pandemic, the current state of play, challenges, and opportunities for improvement in EU public health governance, a series of recommendations are proposed to strengthen the EU's resilience and preparedness for future cross-border health threats.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Briefing - Building up resilience to cross-border health threats: Moving towards a European health union - 16-02-2023

Wed, 15 Feb 2023 23:00:00 GMT

On 11 November 2020, the European Commission put forward a proposal for a regulation on serious cross-border threats to health. In the light of lessons learned from the coronavirus crisis, it aimed to strengthen the EU's health security by revising Decision 1082/2013/EU (the 'Cross-Border Health Threats Decision'). The proposal was presented in a package that also included proposals to strengthen the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA), as first steps towards a European health union (these regulations were adopted on 24 November 2022 and 25 January 2022 respectively). The Council and �Ϸ��վ adopted their positions on the proposal on, respectively, 23 July 2021 and 14 September 2021 (with some additional amendments on 11 November 2021). Interinstitutional negotiations, launched in 11 November 2021, concluded in June 2022 with a provisional agreement. �Ϸ��վ approved the agreed text on 4 October 2022, followed by the Council on 24 October 2022; the final act was signed on 23 November 2022. The regulation will help the EU to better anticipate, react and respond to a health threat (not only infectious, but also environmental, foodborne or chemical) in a coordinated way, at EU and national level. Fourth edition of a briefing originally drafted by Nicole Scholz. The 'EU Legislation in Progress' briefings are updated at key stages throughout the legislative procedure.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Em síntese - THE EFFECT OF COMMUNICATION AND DISINFORMATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC - 08-02-2023

Tue, 07 Feb 2023 23:00:00 GMT

This study analyses how governments, public health experts and other professionals communicated during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the impact of these communication strategies. It investigates COVID-19 misinformation and disinformation practices, and how these practices were addressed in the European Union by the Member States and the European Commission. It draws up recommendations to improve responses in the future, including by analysing the role of the Code of Practice on disinformation ad the expected impact of the Digital Services Act.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Estudo - Intersectional evaluation of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on different groups - 01-02-2023

Sun, 19 Mar 2023 23:00:00 GMT

This study examines the intersections between COVID-19, mental health and socioeconomic stressors in the lives of adolescents and young people, the impact of COVID-19 measures, including lockdowns, on children and vulnerable people, and efforts to tackle violence against women and domestic violence in Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic. This document was provided by the Policy Department for Economic, Scientific and Quality of Life Policies at the request of the Special Committee on the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned and recommendations for the future (COVI).

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Estudo - THE EFFECT OF COMMUNICATION AND DISINFORMATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC - 26-01-2023

Wed, 25 Jan 2023 23:00:00 GMT

Estudo - �Ϸ��վary oversight of governments' response to the COVID-19 pandemic: Literature review - 25-01-2023

Tue, 24 Jan 2023 23:00:00 GMT

Conducted at the request of the European �Ϸ��վ's Special Committee on the COVID 19 pandemic, this literature review examines the patterns in, consequences of and correlation between national approaches to parliamentary oversight of governments' responses to the COVID 19 pandemic in the EU27 and four other countries (Canada, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States). The review begins by assessing parliaments' involvement during the early stages of the health crisis, when many countries were operating under emergency regimes or statutory frameworks that provided for rapid action. It then maps the parliaments' law-making and oversight role during the pandemic, demonstrating that they were not necessarily side-lined. The study goes on to assess successes and failures and, on that basis, factors in the resilience of parliamentary oversight. Mapping the widespread use of sunset and review clauses in emergency legislation, the study reflects on parliaments' cooperation with supreme audit institutions and independent fiscal institutions, which enhanced their budgetary oversight role during the pandemic. The literature review also identifies best practice regarding oversight during the COVID 19 pandemic and reforms that parliaments could pursue to strengthen their preparedness for future crises.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Estudo - The European Council in 2021 - Overview of dynamics, discussions and decisions - 19-01-2023

Wed, 18 Jan 2023 23:00:00 GMT

The COVID-19 pandemic dominated the agenda of the European Council in 2021, just as it had for much of 2020. Early in the year, the European Council struggled in a series of video-conferences to overcome problems besetting the procurement and distribution of vaccines throughout the EU. By mid 2021, as the situation improved and the pace of vaccination finally picked up, EU leaders welcomed the development of the digital COVID-19 certificate to facilitate intra-EU travel. Later in the year, as a new variant of COVID-19 emerged, EU leaders focused on efforts to overcome vaccine hesitancy. In the meantime, EU leaders confronted a series of other challenges, in areas ranging from economic affairs to climate change and the external dimension of migration. As for international affairs, EU leaders were preoccupied in 2021 with deteriorating EU-Russia relations; this was not unrelated to worrisome developments in Belarus. The improvement of transatlantic relations after the advent of a new US administration was one of the few bright spots in an otherwise gloomy year. Within the European Council, the most notable development was the departure of German Chancellor Angela Merkel after 16 years of membership.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2023 - PE

Estudo - Impact of COVID-19 measures on democracy and fundamental rights - Best practices and lessons learned in the Member States and third countries - 12-12-2022

Sun, 11 Dec 2022 23:00:00 GMT

This research study examines the impact of COVID-19 measures on democracy and fundamental rights in the EU. It considers what best practices have been evidenced, and the lessons that can be learned from comparative experience within EU Member States as well as relevant third countries. It examines pandemic governance in the EU and its Member States during the COVID-19 pandemic between 2020 and 2022. It describes how the COVID-19 pandemic was addressed by EU Member States, either in terms of declaring a state of emergency or similar regimes, or using emergency powers or emergency health legislation, or normal legislation. This study was provided by the Policy Department for Economic, Scientific and Quality of Life Policies at the request of the special committee on the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned and recommendations for the future (COVI).

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2022 - PE

Análise aprofundada - Technical Support Instrument: main features - 24-11-2022

Thu, 27 May 2021 22:00:00 GMT

In order to help national authorities in improving their capacity to design, develop and implement reforms, including those covered by recovery and resilience plans, the European �Ϸ��վ and the Council adopted on 10 February 2021 a regulation establishing a Technical Support Instrument. The Instrument may finance a broad range of technical assistance actions referring to policy areas related to cohesion, competitiveness and others, with specific emphasis on digital and just green transitions. This note presents its developments in 2022 and highlights some exemplary projects as well as its main characteristics, focusing notably in its connection with the EU economic governance, notably the Recovery and Resilience Facility and the European Semester for economic policy coordination.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2022 - PE

Briefing - C transfers in the EP’s budget in 2020 - response to the COVID-19 crisis - 23-11-2022

Tue, 14 Dec 2021 23:00:00 GMT

The EP’s budget is drawn up during the year n-1, with the preparations in its Directorates General already starting in the last quarter of the year n-2. The budgetary procedure - first inside the EP for the institution’s own budget, then for the budget of the EU as a whole in the interinstitutional part of the procedure - lasts throughout the year n-1, with an agreement usually reached during the last quarter of year n-1. For example, the preparations for the 2020 budget in the Directorates General started towards the end of 2018, with the main budgetary process taking place in 2019.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2022 - PE

Em síntese - 'This is Europe' debate in the European �Ϸ��վ: Speech by Sanna Marin, Prime Minister of Finland, on 13 September 2022 - 19-09-2022

Sun, 18 Sep 2022 22:00:00 GMT

Briefing - Outermost regions of the EU - 30-08-2022

Mon, 29 Aug 2022 22:00:00 GMT

The European Union's outermost regions (ORs) qualify for special treatment owing to structural difficulties – such as remoteness, difficult topography and economic dependence on a few products – that can severely hamper their development. In addition, the coronavirus pandemic has hit their economies particularly hard. While these regions are quite different from one another, they have levels of unemployment and GDP significantly worse than EU and national averages. Article 349 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union provides for specific measures to support the ORs, including the tailored application of EU law and access to EU programmes. Specific support mechanisms exist under cohesion, agricultural and fisheries policies, and other policy areas, with the Commission outlining measures aimed at assisting ORs in communications published in 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2017. In July 2021, the Commission opened a public consultation to feed into its plan to renew the EU's strategic approach for the ORs, with �Ϸ��վ adopting an own-initiative report in September 2021 inviting the Commission to 'co-construct' a new strategy for and with the ORs, accompanied by a precise action plan. On 3 May 2022, the Commission adopted a renewed strategy for the ORs, prioritising place-based approaches and tailored support for the ORs across all EU policies, aiming to unlock their potential through appropriate investment and reforms. In addition to the unprecedented level of funding for the ORs already negotiated in the 2021-2027 funds and programmes, the Commission is creating, with the renewed strategy, dedicated opportunities in many EU policy areas, including the launch of a series of dedicated calls for projects exclusively for the ORs. However, no legislative initiatives or significant new financial resources are included in the 2022 communication. While the EU plays a key role in helping to unlock the ORs' growth potential, their well-being and development fundamentally rely on choices and actions by the regions themselves and their Member States. Therefore, the Commission's communication, while presenting a number of initiatives to be developed at EU level, encourages action by these regions and their Member States, for example to take account of their specificities in cross-cutting policies and instruments. This, however, raises questions about the extent to which the new strategy will truly be sufficient to improve the situation in the ORs and boost their development. This is a revised and updated version of a briefing from May 2021 by Christiaan Van Lierop.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2022 - PE

Em síntese - 'This is Europe' debate in the European �Ϸ��վ: Speech by Kyriakos Mitsotakis, Prime Minister of Greece, on 5 July 2022 - 12-07-2022

Mon, 11 Jul 2022 22:00:00 GMT

'This is Europe' – an initiative proposed by the President of the European �Ϸ��վ, Roberta Metsola – consists of a series of debates with EU leaders to discuss their visions for the future of the European Union. On 5 July 2022, the Prime Minister of Greece, Kyriakos Mitsotakis, was the fourth EU leader to address the �Ϸ��վ since its Conference of Presidents endorsed the initiative on 28 April 2022. Mr Mitsotakis mentioned EU solidarity frequently, in terms of how it had helped Greece during the economic crisis, how Greece could contribute to energy security, and how the EU should support Greece when dealing with migration challenges and relations with Turkey, as well as of the effective impact of solidarity in dealing with the Covid 19 pandemic. Another key theme in the Prime Minister's speech was crisis, and how the EU can better deal with future challenges by learning lessons from its handling of previous crises. One of Mr Mitsotakis's concluding messages was that the EU needs an 'agenda for resilience and development' to respond to major challenges in defence, migration, banking union, energy, coordinated action based on the Recovery and Resilience Facility, the deepening of democracy, addressing fake news, and developing the EU's role in the Western Balkans.

Fonte : © União Europeia, 2022 - PE