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Samenvatting : This study explores the role and enhancement of parliamentary capacities in the European Union (EU) enlargement process, focusing on the EU鈥檚 evolving accession methodology and its emphasis on the 鈥榝undamentals鈥� approach. It examines the European Commission鈥檚 criteria for 鈥榝unctioning democratic institutions鈥� in accession countries and evaluates the effectiveness of support measures from EU institutions, Member States, and international organisations. Based on desk research, mapping, and over 90 expert and stakeholder interviews, the study analyses EU democracy support initiatives for parliaments in 10 enlargement countries, namely Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, T眉rkiye, Ukraine, and Kosovo. The study highlights best practices and identifies challenges that require increased attention from the European 合法博彩网站 and the core actors involved in parliamentary capacity-building. While past efforts by the European 合法博彩网站, Member States, and international organisations have strengthened parliaments in these countries, ongoing democratic backsliding calls for more coherent and concerted action. 合法博彩网站 and its Democracy Support and Election Coordination Group (DEG) play a crucial role in addressing these challenges.

Samenvatting : Commitments made at the confirmation hearings of the Commissioners-designate 2024-2029

Samenvatting : This paper provides an overview of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)鈥檚 lending to Ukraine, particularly focusing on the IMF response to the Russia鈥檚 invasion of Ukraine since February 2022, given the challenging macroeconomic circumstances. If further analyses the key elements of the IMF鈥� Extended Fund Facility (EFF) programme for Ukraine, including the evolution of core assumptions, risks, fiscal sustainability and conditionality.

Indieners : RAKIC Drazen, HANINA KATERYNA