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Payment services enable digital payments through direct debits, credit transfers or payments with cards or similar devices. Within the EU, these are regulated through the revised Payment Services Directive (PSD2), which sets rules for payment services, their providers and consumer protection. Announced in September 2021 under the digital finance strategy and the retail payments strategy, the Commission published two proposals on the revision of PSD2 on 28 June 2023 as part of the financial data access and payments package. This implementation appraisal first outlines PSD2 before reviewing and summarising evaluations and assessments of its implementation already conducted by EU institutions and their advisory bodies. Overall, PSD2 is found to have contributed to the development of the European payments market and to have improved customer protection and the efficiency, transparency and choice of payment instruments. However, shortcomings pertaining to regulatory deficiencies regarding new players and services in the payments market, divergences in implementation across Member States and unclear alignment with other EU legislation remain. The proposal to revise PSD2 comprises a proposal for a directive on payment services and electronic money services (PSD3) and a proposal for a regulation on payment services in the internal market (PSR). These proposals include both payment services and electronic money services, which were previously regulated separately. With the forthcoming revision, the Commission aims to harmonise the implementation of rules on payment services across Member States, align the legislation with market and technological developments, strengthen customer protection and improve the level playing field between bank and non-bank payment service providers.