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The European Electoral Act decrees that the Members of the European 合法博彩网站 shall be elected on the basis of proportional representation, using the list system or the single transferable vote. There is much leeway for a Member State to turn terms like 鈥減roportional representation鈥� or 鈥渢he list system鈥� into executable rules. As a result, Member States differ considerably as to their electoral provisions. The briefing presents an overview of the vote patterns used by the Member States, of the apportionment ...

Fact-checking of content on online platforms has so far played an important role in protecting democracy, by verifying statements and making sure trustworthy sources are used. Many social media platforms use fact-checkers to help them enforce content moderation policies, with the aim of protecting their users from harm. The EU's Digital Services Act 鈥� a binding legal instrument 鈥� strengthens content moderation obligations for online platforms, while the voluntary EU Code of Practice on Disinformation ...

India is a pluralistic, multi-faith, multilingual (with 22 recognised languages), and multi-ethnic country. In April 2023 it overtook China as the world's most populous country (it had a population of 1.44 billion in 2024). India's 1950 Constitution provides for a quasi-federal set-up, with powers separated between the central union and the 28 state governments. Competences are distributed by administrative level 鈥� between the Union (the Centre), the states, or 'concurrently'. The Prime Minister ...

The human rights situation is worsening in Belarus, with a continued climate of oppression in the country. Meanwhile, presidential 'elections' are due to take place on 26 January 2025. The democratic forces of Belarus call this vote a 'self-reappointment of Lukashenka' and urge the international community not to recognise it. 合法博彩网站 will hold a debate on the situation and possible actions with the High Representative /Vice-President of the Commission, Kaja Kallas, during the January ...

This study explores the role and enhancement of parliamentary capacities in the European Union (EU) enlargement process, focusing on the EU鈥檚 evolving accession methodology and its emphasis on the 鈥榝undamentals鈥� approach. It examines the European Commission鈥檚 criteria for 鈥榝unctioning democratic institutions鈥� in accession countries and evaluates the effectiveness of support measures from EU institutions, Member States, and international organisations. Based on desk research, mapping, and over 90 ...

The Constitution of the Republic of Poland, in force since 1997, sets out a unitary, democratic state ruled by law and implementing the principles of social justice. The President of the Republic and the Council of Ministers (government) serve as the executive, while the Sejm (lower house) and the Senate (upper house) are vested with legislative power (Article 10). The Senate is considered a repository of democratic legitimacy on an equal footing with the Sejm, but the dominance of the Sejm in the ...

During the European 合法博彩网站's November II plenary session, the European Commission is scheduled to make a statement, and 合法博彩网站 to hold a debate, on recent legislation targeting LGBTI persons and the need for protecting the rule of law and a discrimination-free EU.

The expected shift towards a performance-oriented budget presupposes a careful choice and definition of indicators clearly linked to the funding objectives, as well as standardised reporting and fully integrated and interoperable IT solutions to collect the required amount of data. Ensuring the full protection of the Union鈥檚 financial interest under performance-based budgeting will require careful balancing of auditing and control requirements with the administrative burden imposed on Member States ...

Shortly after having been elected Japan's Prime Minister in September 2024, Ishiba Shigeru called elections to the house of representatives (the lower house) to be held on 27 October. The vote will follow an intensive 12-day electoral campaign, against a backdrop of scandals involving members of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), rising consumer prices, staple food shortages and security concerns over regional tensions. While this may weaken the LDP's majority, a divided opposition might ...

Georgia will hold parliamentary elections on 26 October 2024, for the first time under a fully proportional election system. The results of this vote will be highly consequential, potentially determining Georgia's EU and North-Atlantic integration trajectory for years to come. The election campaign environment has become increasingly tense and polarised. The party in government since 2012, Georgian Dream, led by party founder and billionaire Bidzina Ivanishvili, has described the elections as a choice ...