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To train their models, general-purpose AI (GPAI) providers need large datasets, which may include copyrighted materials. Despite the EU Directive 2019/790 on Copyright and the EU Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act, researchers have identified legal limitations and uncertainty in the use of copyrighted materials for GPAI training.

Space holds promise for both economic prosperity and the attainment of strategic goals. The EU's future role in space is contingent on fast-changing geopolitical dynamics, which can range from peaceful cooperation to heightened competition or conflict among global powers. Given the importance of this subject, the European Commission has announced plans to propose an EU space act in the second quarter of 2025. This paper aims to describe the geopolitical context of space activities that affect the ...

The US Trump administration has set its sights on Ukraine's vast mineral resources, and proposed a deal: to secure a portion of Ukraine's rare earths in exchange for US support in the war against the Russian aggressor. Ukraine is a candidate for EU membership, and an earlier 2021 strategic partnership means the EU also has a stake in the future of Ukraine's mineral sector. This briefing analyses the US and EU positions, to shed light on the potential future of rare earth mining in Ukraine.

Energy-intensive industries are crucial to the EU economy, enabling numerous strategic value chains. As these industries face significant challenges, including declining competitiveness, the EU is actively developing strategies to support them. During the April plenary session, MEPs will debate future action following a question to the Commission, and vote on a resolution proposing measures to strengthen these industries.

The EU has made significant progress towards trustworthy and ethical artificial intelligence that puts people first. In June 2024, the EU co-legislators signed the Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act), the first horizontal legislation regulating AI systems. The focus is now shifting to bolstering the EU's position in AI innovation. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen has promised to establish AI factories within the first 100 days of her term. AI factories will give companies and researchers ...

The EU's Net-Zero Industry Act (NZIA) entered into force on 29 June 2024. Its implementation comes at a critical juncture, where the stakes and challenges facing the European net-zero technologies sector remain as pressing as ever. The NZIA aims to address some of the barriers to the development of the European net-zero manufacturing sector. Numerous third countries are intensifying efforts to expand their clean energy manufacturing capacity, heightening competitive pressure on the EU. With the NZIA ...

The EU's automotive sector is resource-intensive. There are 286 million motor vehicles on the road in the EU, and every year around 6.5 million vehicles become waste. If improperly managed, these vehicles may cause environmental damage and the economy may lose millions of tonnes of materials. In July 2023, the European Commission presented a proposal for a regulation addressing the whole life cycle of vehicles, from design to end-of-life, aimed at improving design and end-of-life management of vehicles ...

Rising geopolitical tensions and dependencies on digital infrastructure belonging to foreign providers are triggering concerns that the European Union's technological sovereignty might be under threat. Connectivity infrastructure such as submarine cables, mobile technologies and satellites underpin the digital services used by EU citizens, businesses and governments. Being dependent on foreign providers of such infrastructure calls for a strategic approach to balancing technological efficiency with ...

Batteries, widely used in the transport and energy sectors, are central to the global energy system. They will be key to the EU's clean energy transition, industrial future and strategic autonomy. Boosting the industrial base for battery production is therefore a key task for the EU. While the EU battery sector enjoys strong support for its research and development activities, it also faces significant challenges such as dependencies on third countries and high energy and labour costs. Developing ...

For the European Union to compete globally while continuing to ensure progress in environmental, social and fundamental rights, more strategic and collective action is imperative. In a world where some leading global businesses have a market capitalisation of more than 鈧�3 trillion, an integrated economic, financial and fiscal policy framework is needed to encourage innovation and growth, including for successful SMEs. As the recent Letta and Draghi reports highlight, this requires clear political ...