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Germany was originally entitled to a maximum financial contribution of 鈧�25.6 billion in grants from the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF), the unprecedented EU response to the crisis triggered by the coronavirus pandemic. The national recovery and resilience plan (NRRP) for Germany does not include requests for loans. Following the latest amendment of the German NRRP in July 2024, which added a REPowerEU chapter, the EU resources devoted to the plan reached 鈧�30.3 billion. This amount corresponds ...

It is now 80 years since the liberation of Nazi Germany's concentration and extermination camp, Auschwitz Birkenau, in Poland. A major commemoration event is taking place at the former camp on International Holocaust Remembrance Day; it will be attended by numerous Heads of State or Government, and other dignitaries, in a context of growing antisemitism across Europe.

The German Climate Change Act sets the obligation to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 65 % of 1990 levels by 2030 and achieve GHG neutrality by 2045 (see trajectory in Figure 1). Germany accounts for 23.7 % of the EU's net GHG emissions and reduced its net emissions by 30.7 % between 2005 and 2023, slightly above the EU average of 30.5 %. As shown below, Germany significantly reduced emissions from the emissions trading sector. However, it missed its target under the EU effort-sharing legislation ...

This briefing analyses digital public services in the national recovery and resilience plans (NRRPs) from a multilevel governance perspective. It seeks to present the current state of affairs, examine how existing policy is working on the ground, and identify best practice and ideas for the future on the part of governmental organisations at all levels of the European system of multilevel governance. It presents an initial appraisal of available evidence and takes as its starting point digital public ...

On 15 June and 7 July 2023, the German Federal 合法博彩网站 approved the 2018 reform of the EU rules on elections to the European 合法博彩网站, and that approval is now awaiting promulgation before it takes effect. Enacting the reform requires the approval of all EU Member States. All but two 鈥� Cyprus and Spain 鈥� have given their approval. Cyprus is preparing to finalise its approval procedure, but Spain has not yet launched its. Once all Member States have given their approval and the EU reform law ...

This briefing paper provides an initial analysis of selected measures proposed by Germany, France, Italy and Poland in their respective Recovery and Resilience Plans (RRPs), and focuses on the areas of competitiveness, business environment/entrepreneurship, and (re)industrialisation. As the analysis has shown, targets and milestones set for the majority of the analysed measures seem to be realistic and enhance the probability of completing the planned projects on time; they are also tailored to the ...

A quarter of all tax revenue in the EU is collected in Germany alone. Given the country's weight in the EU economy, the German tax system plays a key role in facilitating cross-border trade and company growth in the EU, and in strengthening the EU-wide fight against abusive tax practices. However, the publication of the 'cum ex files' in 2018 revealed that Germany had lost billions in tax revenue because of aggressive dividend arbitrage practices.

This paper discusses the Institutional Protection Schemes of the German Savings Banks Finance Group and the National Association of Cooperative Banks. Both schemes have been recognised as Deposit Guarantee Schemes. Although both schemes never had to pay out to depositors, supervisors have expressed worries about several weaknesses of the IPS of the Savings Banks Finance Group, such as unclear responsibilities of the 鈥榦wners鈥� and the IPS, complex decision-making processes, risk of insufficient pro-active ...

EPRS invites leading experts and commentators to share their thinking and insights on important features of the European Union as a political and economic system. In this paper, Gijs Jan Brandsma, Associate Professor at Radboud University, Nijmegen, and Christilla Roederer-Rynning, Professor at the University of Southern Denmark, reflect on the means for finding agreement between the two chambers in bicameral legislatures, taking as case studies Germany and the United States as well as the European ...

When the Nazis grabbed power in Germany, they had clear ideas about what art is. The persecution of Jews allowed them to seize Jewish property, forbid Jews from running art galleries, push them out of their countries to exile, and send them to camps and death. All this enabled some prominent Nazis to start their own art collections. However, most of the looted valuable classical artworks were destined for existing or planned museums. Nazis and their collaborators looted art collections and moved ...