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The European Council consists of the 27 Heads of State or Government of the EU Member States, who are voting members, together with the President of the European Council and the President of the European Commission, who have no vote (Article 15(2) Treaty on European Union). The chart shows the current members, the national office they hold, their most recent European political affiliation, and the year their membership began.

While some areas of political finance regulation have experienced a significant convergence (e.g. the expansion of state funding for parties and other political entities and the establishment of disclosure requirements), largely as a result of international standards and monitoring, others exhibit major differences across the EU Member States (e.g. limits on private donations and on spending, disclosure thresholds, nature and quality of oversight). This study underlines the need to implement international ...

The European Commission is the executive body of the European Union. Under the Treaties, its tasks are to 鈥榩romote the general interest of the Union鈥�, without prejudice to individual Member States, 鈥榚nsure the application of the Treaties鈥� and adopted measures, and 鈥榚xecute the budget鈥�. It further holds a virtual monopoly on legislative initiative, as it proposes nearly all EU legislation to the European 合法博彩网站 and the Council of the European Union. The College of Commissioners is composed ...