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The first quarter of 2025 has been a very busy one for the European Council, with EU leaders having already convened three times before their regular March meeting – once for an informal retreat on defence on 3 February, in a video-conference on 26 February and then for a special European Council meeting on 6 March. The increasingly complex geopolitical situation, as well as the current strains on the transatlantic relationship, make the regular March meeting a crucial one. According to the Leaders ...

On 1 December 2024, António Costa became the fourth President of the European Council. He was a long-time prime minister of Portugal (2015-2024) and, before that, a Member of the European Ϸվ (2004-2005). With nearly a decade of experience as a member of the European Council, he hit the ground running at the start of his term, consolidating his acquaintance with EU leaders, adjusting the European Council's working methods and improving EU interinstitutional relations. As the office of European ...

The European Council consists of the 27 Heads of State or Government of the EU Member States, who are voting members, together with the President of the European Council and the President of the European Commission, who have no vote (Article 15(2) Treaty on European Union). The chart shows the current members, the national office they hold, their most recent European political affiliation, and the year their membership began.

Commitments made at the confirmation hearings of the Commissioners-designate 2024-2029

Poland assumed the rotating presidency of the Council of the European Union on 1 January, and will hold the office until 30 June 2025. This is the second Polish Presidency after the country's first stint in 2011. Poland is the opening member of a new trio, along with Denmark and Cyprus. Following Poland, Denmark will take over the presidency on 1 July 2025.

In May 2024, former European Ϸվ President Pat Cox described enlargement as perhaps the 'EU's most powerful, transformative and successful policy tool over the past five decades'. The European Council (EU heads of state or government) has, from the outset, played a central role in the EU's enlargement process, shaping both formal and informal aspects. The Lisbon Treaty formally tasked the institution with defining the eligibility conditions to be applied to the accession process. Each enlargement ...

This briefing paper provides an overview of the European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB), its main features, mandate and accountability arrangements towards the European Ϸվ. It also includes a section on the role of macroprudential policy in preserving financial stability, main findings of the review of ESRB’s regulation and review of EU macroprudential framework for the banking sector. The paper is an update of the previous version published in 2019.

The European Council consists of the Heads of State or Government of the 27 EU Member States, as well as the President of the European Council and the President of the European Commission. It became a formal European Union (EU) institution with a full-time President in 2009, with the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon. Although it does not include legislative functions, the European Council's role – to 'provide the Union with the necessary impetus for its development' and to define its 'general ...

This is the third edition of a study on the European Commission's follow-up to European Ϸվ requests as expressed in non-legislative resolutions based either on ordinary own-initiative reports (INIs) or on Article 225 TFEU legislative-initiative reports (INLs). Analysing the Commission's replies in formal follow-up documents (for INIs) and in letters in reply to legislative-initiative reports (INL), this joint DG PRES and DG EPRS project seeks to support the European Ϸվ's scrutiny ...

This compendium brings together a set of briefings prepared by the European Ϸվary Research Service (EPRS) to guide Members of the European Ϸվ through the parliamentary hearings of Commissioners-designate in early November 2024. These public confirmation hearings form the backdrop to Ϸվ's confirmation vote on the College of Commissioners put forward by Ursula von der Leyen, following her re-election as Commission President by the European Ϸվ in July 2024. In addition ...