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At the March European Council meeting, discussions focussed on the war in Ukraine, security and defence, the Middle East and enlargement. With a new sense of urgency, EU leaders reiterated their steadfast support for Ukraine, calling on the Council to rapidly adopt an eighth support package for Ukraine. Regarding security and defence, they agreed on the need to increase defence readiness and boost the defence industry, but did not agree on ways of promoting the defence sector. On the Middle East, ...

Nuclear energy and the promise of cost-effective small modular reactors (SMRs) is high on the EU's policy agenda, against the backdrop of a difficult global geopolitical context and the Union's energy security and climate ambitions. The EU is building a comprehensive strategy for the development and deployment of SMRs, acknowledging their potential benefits and challenges. Innovative nuclear technologies are of significant strategic value, with major steps being taken to increase the supply of advanced ...

According to Article 194(2) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, each Member State independently decides on its own energy mix and use of nuclear energy. However, there are common rules and standards on nuclear energy, the basis for which is the Treaty on the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom Treaty) signed in 1957. All current EU Member States are party to it and it has remained largely unchanged throughout the years. Common EU rules also stem from the Nuclear Safety Directive ...

If it is to achieve the Paris Agreement objective of keeping the rise in global temperature well below 2掳 C, the EU must consider every possible technology to decarbonise energy production. Nuclear fusion is the process that powers the sun and it can be reproduced on Earth. However, even once the considerable engineering challenges of designing a fusion power plant are overcome, there are major constraints inherent in upscaling fusion power.

The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project is a major global collaborative scientific experiment aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of nuclear fusion as an unlimited and relatively clean source of energy. The EU Member States participate by virtue of their membership of Euratom. Work on the site in France (Cadarache) began in 2007, but since then the expected final cost and year of completion have been revised upwards a number of times. It is now hoped that 'first plasma ...

The EU's Instrument for Nuclear Safety Cooperation (INSC) was created to help promote a high level of nuclear safety, radiation protection, and safeguards for nuclear material outside the EU. It does this by funding peer support for, and technical assistance to, third countries that are managing or in the process of developing nuclear power. EU cooperation in the field of nuclear energy dates back to the EU's post-war beginnings, but financial assistance to non-EU countries only began in the 1990s ...

Following the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, the EU launched several nuclear decommissioning assistance programmes (NDAP) to help Bulgaria, Lithuania, and Slovakia safely close and dismantle their early Soviet-designed reactors while acceding to the EU. The NDAPs provide financial assistance for decommissioning, dismantling and waste management projects; energy-sector projects aimed at mitigating the consequences of reactor shutdowns; and projects addressing the socio-economic consequences of decommissioning ...

The aim of the workshop was to present the future energy scenarios in Europe beyond 2050 with a focus on fusion energy including ITER and alternative approaches. The invited speakers explored European and global energy supply needs and its forecasts as well as the main features of the ITER nuclear fusion research project, its technological capacities, potential and limits, and its environmental impact. The workshop was organised in view of a joint delegation of the Committees on Budgets and on Budgetary ...

This study aims at identifying and assessing the safety and proliferation risks that new nuclear energy systems might pose, and making policy recommendations based on this assessment. The basic physical ideas within relevant nuclear research areas are outlined and their major research goals described, with special emphasis on projects within the Specific Programmes 'Nuclear Fission' and 'Thermonuclear Fission' of the Euroatom Fifth Framework Programme Criteria for the assessment of safety risks are ...

The nuclear Energy Amplifier (EA) proposed in 1993 by Professor Carlo Rubbia, Nobel prize, is an original hybrid nuclear reactor made of a fast subcritical nuclear reactor driven by a high energetic and intense proton accelerator which could be at the same time basically a safe electricity producer and could also bum almost completely its own nuclear waste as well as other reactors ones. It found a number of echoes in Europe, in particular in Spain, Italy and France, as well as in the European Commission ...